论有限责任公司股东退股权制度

发布时间：2018-02-12 21:25

本文关键词： 退股权有限责任公司人合性中小股东利益保护　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：有限责任公司的退股权是指在公司存续期间,对公司所作出的重大决策有异议或认为公司行为侵犯其合法权益的股东,所享有的要求公司按法律规定或公司章程规定的程序,以合理价格收购其股权,并彻底摆脱与公司关系的权利。该权利的产生是由于有限责任公司的人合性和资本多数决原则的滥用使中小股东处于无法摆脱的困境而造成的,该制度设立目的便是为了充分保护中小股东的合法权益,各国公司法对退股权制度均予以规定。我国公司法修订后首次确立了退股权制度,确认股东退股权不仅是立法者对股东缺乏公司决策控制力的一种利益补偿和心理同情,也是尊重股东营利性的理性选择,更是顺应瞬息万变的公司实务的切实之举。但正是由于首次确立此制度,难免会存在缺陷,因此,有必要对我国退股权制度加以完善。本文除引言和结语部分外,共由三部分组成。第一部分为有限责任公司退股权制度概述,该部分首先从理论的层面对退股权制度的概念和属性进行了分析,通过分析,笔者得出结论,认为退股权是股东的固有权、自益权、单独股东权、一般股东权和形成权。其次,通过与股份转让、公司减资、股份回购等相关概念的比较分析,对退股权制度的性质进行了进一步的阐述。第三,从四个方面对退股权的产生原因进行了分析,并对退股权的法律价值进行了简要介绍。通过对退股权制度的理论分析,充分表明退股权制度在保护中小股东合法权益,确保市场经济有序发展等方面的重要作用。第二部分为有限责任公司退股权制度的立法现状。该部分共分境外立法考察和我国退股权制度立法进程两部分,其中,在境外立法考察部分,对作为英美法系国家代表的美国和作为大陆法系国家代表的德国退股权的制度设计和法律规定进行了重点介绍,寻找两国退股权制度上的优点,为下一章提出我国退股权制度的完善建议奠定基础。在我国退股权制度立法进程和现状部分,对我国退股权制度的产生背景和过程进行了详细介绍,为下一章对我国的退股权制度的分析提供方便。第三部分为我国退股权制度存在的问题及其完善建议。该部分以我国新公司法第75条的规定为出发点,分别从我国退股权制度的适用主体、适用范围、行使程序、限制条件等方面指出法律规定的不足之处,并结合上述不足之处提出了完善建议。希望我国尽快完善退股权制度,发挥该制度的作用。结语部分作者再次强调了自身的观点,对退股权制度的重要作用进行了重申,并提出我国应逐步完善该制度,早日制定出符合我国国情,适应我国现状的退股权制度。
[Abstract]:The withdrawal of equity of a limited liability company refers to the shareholders who, during the existence of the company, object to the major decisions made by the company or believe that the acts of the company infringe upon its legitimate rights and interests, and require the company to follow the procedures prescribed by law or the articles of association of the company, The right to acquire its shares at a reasonable price and to completely get rid of its relationship with the company. This right arises from the dilemma that the minority shareholders are unable to extricate themselves from due to the personal compatibility of a limited liability company and the abuse of the principle of majority decision of capital. The purpose of this system is to fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of minority shareholders. After the revision of our company law, the system of withdrawal of equity is established for the first time, which confirms that the withdrawal of shareholders is not only a kind of benefit compensation and psychological sympathy to the shareholders who lack control over the company's decision, but also a rational choice to respect the profitability of shareholders. But it is because of the establishment of this system for the first time, it will inevitably have defects, so it is necessary to perfect the system of withdrawing equity in our country. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article consists of three parts. The first part is an overview of the withdrawal system of limited liability companies. The first part analyzes the concept and attributes of the withdrawal system from the theoretical level. Through the analysis, the author draws a conclusion that the withdrawal of equity is the inherent right of shareholders. Second, through comparative analysis with the relative concepts of share transfer, company capital reduction, share repurchase and other related concepts, the nature of the system of withdrawal of equity is further elaborated. This paper analyzes the causes of the withdrawal from four aspects, and briefly introduces the legal value of the withdrawal. Through the theoretical analysis of the withdrawal system, it fully shows that the withdrawal system is protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the minority shareholders. To ensure the orderly development of the market economy and other aspects of the important role. The second part is divided into two parts: the legislative investigation of overseas legislation and the legislative process of China's withdrawal of ownership system, among which, the part of legislative investigation abroad, This paper mainly introduces the system design and legal provisions of the United States, as the representative of the Anglo-American law system, and Germany, as the representative of the continental law system, in order to find the advantages of the two countries' withdrawal system. In the part of legislative process and present situation, the background and process of the withdrawal of equity system in China are introduced in detail. For the next chapter of the system of withdrawal of shares in China to provide convenience. The third part is the problems existing in the system of withdrawal of shares in our country and some suggestions for its perfection. This part takes the provisions of Article 75 of the New Company Law as the starting point, respectively from the subject, scope of application and procedure of exercise of the system of withdrawal of shares in our country. The limitation conditions and other aspects point out the deficiencies of the law, and put forward some suggestions to improve the system of withdrawal of stock rights in our country as soon as possible, so as to bring the system into full play. In the conclusion part, the author emphasizes his own point of view again, restates the important role of the system, and puts forward that our country should perfect the system step by step, and make out the system of withdrawal of stock right which conforms to our national conditions and adapts to the present situation of our country as soon as possible.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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