论隐名股东之法律规制

发布时间：2018-02-23 23:40

  本文关键词： 隐名股东 有限保护原则 社会效益原则 隐名投资协议 股东资格　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：隐名股东是按照合同约定,向公司实际出资,但在公司章程、股东名册和工商登记等文件中却记载为他人的投资人。隐名投资是各国经济生活中一种普遍存在的现象,隐名股东的法律规制对个体意思自治的保护、权利侵害的预防、对社会的稳定与发展都有重大意义,尤其在我国当前相关案件频发、疑难问题多的背景下,对隐名股东进行法律规制更显必要。 从我国的立法状况来看,虽然我国实务界对隐名股东的法律规制问题进行了不懈的探索,但至今为止,我国仍未以法律形式对这一问题进行规制。正是在这样的背景下,最高人民法院出台了《公司法解释三》试图对隐名股东问题进行规制,但司法解释的法律效力一直存在争议,且《公司法解释三》的制度设计也不完善。 针对这样的状况,本文从实践的角度出发,结合法学理论,对隐名股东法律规制的必要性进行了研究,通过论述,本文认为在未来隐名股东立法规制的全过程中要始终贯彻有限保护和社会效益的理念,把握隐名投资协议与股东资格这两条隐名股东法律规制的主线。一方面,在不违反法律强制性规定的前提下,法律应对隐名股东的合同自治给予充分的尊重,对其合同权益给予有力的保障;另一方面,法律也不能赋予隐名股东以股东资格,使隐名股东的意思自治对第三人产生效力;同时,法律应为隐名股东提供放弃隐名利益、获得股东资格的机会。 在上述论证的基础上,笔者以隐名投资协议、隐名股东显名化、股权转让等三个问题为中心,对未来隐名股东法律规制的体系构建提出了自己的建议,希望能够为隐名股东的立法规制提供参考。本文分为导论、正文和结论三个部分。 导论部分对研究背景、研究现状、研究思路及研究方法进行了介绍。 正文分为三章,分别对隐名股东法律规制相关理论问题、隐名股东法律规制的必要性及隐名股东规制的制度构建进行了论述。 第一章,隐名股东之概述。本章通过概念比较,明晰了隐名股东的概念,分析了隐名股东出现的原因,并对国内外隐名股东发展及规制状况进行了梳理。 第二章,隐名股东规制之必要性。本章通过对理论与实践的分析,从个人、社会及法律实践三个角度对通过立法途径规制隐名股东的必要性问题进行了探讨。 第三章,隐名股东规制体系研究。本章对隐名股东规制中的重要制度建设进行了探讨,并在学说对比、利益分析的基础上,提出了作者在隐名股东法律规制问题上的立法建议。 结论部分对全文内容进行了梳理,并对作者的立法建议进行了总结。
[Abstract]:Anonymous shareholders are investors who actually contribute to the company in accordance with the contract agreement, but they are recorded as investors in the articles of association, the register of shareholders and the industrial and commercial register, etc. Anonymous investment is a common phenomenon in the economic life of various countries. The legal regulation of dormant shareholders has great significance for the protection of individual autonomy and the prevention of infringement of rights, especially in the context of the frequent occurrence of relevant cases and many difficult problems in our country, especially in the context of social stability and development. It is necessary to regulate the dormant shareholders by law. Judging from the legislative situation of our country, although the practice circles of our country have made unremitting exploration on the legal regulation of hidden shareholders, up to now, our country has not regulated this problem in the form of law. The Supreme people's Court has issued "Company Law interpretation III" to try to regulate the problem of hidden shareholders, but the legal effect of judicial interpretation has always been controversial, and the system design of "Company Law interpretation III" is not perfect. In view of this situation, this paper, from the point of view of practice, combined with the theory of law, studies the necessity of legal regulation of dormant shareholders. This paper holds that in the whole process of legislation and regulation of hidden shareholders in the future, the concept of limited protection and social benefits should always be carried out, and the two main lines of legal regulation of dormant shareholders should be grasped, that is, anonymous investment agreement and shareholder qualification, on the one hand, On the premise of not violating the mandatory provisions of the law, the law should give full respect to the contractual autonomy of dormant shareholders and give effective protection to their contractual rights and interests; on the other hand, the law should not confer shareholder qualifications on hidden shareholders. At the same time, the law should provide the opportunity for the dormant shareholders to give up the hidden interests and obtain the qualification of shareholders. On the basis of the above argumentation, the author puts forward his own suggestions on the construction of the legal regulation system of hidden shareholders in the future, focusing on the three issues of the anonymous investment agreement, the explicit name of the dormant shareholders and the transfer of equity. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction introduces the research background, research status, research ideas and research methods. The text is divided into three chapters, respectively on the hidden shareholders legal regulation related theoretical issues, the necessity of legal regulation of hidden shareholders and the system construction of hidden shareholders regulation. The first chapter is an overview of anonymous shareholders. This chapter clarifies the concept of dormant shareholders, analyzes the reasons for the emergence of dormant shareholders, and combs the development and regulation of anonymous shareholders at home and abroad. Chapter two, the necessity of the regulation of dormant shareholders. Through the analysis of theory and practice, this chapter probes into the necessity of regulating anonymous shareholders through legislation from three angles of individual, society and legal practice. Chapter three, the research on the regulation system of dormant shareholders. This chapter discusses the important institutional construction in the regulation of dormant shareholders, and on the basis of the comparison of theories and the analysis of interests, The author puts forward some legislative suggestions on the legal regulation of dormant shareholders. The conclusion part summarizes the author's legislative suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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本文编号：1528061