异议股东股份回购请求权制度探索

发布时间：2018-02-24 03:31

本文关键词： 异议股东资本多数决股份回购请求权中小股东保护　出处：《西南政法大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在公司组织形态发展初期,公司重大决议采用“全体一致原则”的表决机制,即在公司所有股东同意情况下,公司决策才得以顺利通过并实施,无所谓“异议股东”存在。随着现代公司制度逐渐确立,“资本多数决原则”成为对公司重大经营决策所普通采用的议事规则并一直沿用至今,它有利于公司经营的顺利进行。而“资本多数决原则”牺牲了少数股东意思表示,同时容易成为多数股东将自己意志上升为公司意思后欺压少数股东的“合法”工具。为对少数派股东权益予以保护,平衡公司决议正常实施与少数股东权益保护之间关系,“异议股东股份回购请求权制度”应运而生。它赋予了少数股东在获得公平合理补偿下退出公司的权利,同时对公司与少数股东而言均实现双赢。该制度起源于美国,并逐渐被其他国家或地区立法所确认,成为中小股东权益保护的重要制度。我国2006年1月正式实施的《公司法》首次确立了异议股东股份回购请求权制度,是公司法巨大进步且具有深远意义。然而,在对世界主要国家或地区立法进行比较分析基础上看出,我国《公司法》在适用范围、适用权利主体、适用程序等诸多方面均存在缺陷,迫切需要对该制度进行补充完善,以真正发挥其制度价值。本文基本结构如下: 第一章“异议股东股份回购请求权制度概述”,首先介绍了异议股东股份回购请求权的概念及制度来源,对该制度的产生及发展有基本认识。其次对异议股东股份回购请求权的性质予以阐述并详细论述了其法律特征,对该权利产生及行使作了说明。再次,将异议股东股份回购请求权与其他中小股东权利救济措施进行比较分析,指出其独特的制度价值。最后,对其存在的理论基础进行分析介绍。第二章“异议股东股份回购请求权制度比较分析”,本章对世界各国或地区立法针对异议股东股份回购请求权制度的规定进行详细论述并予以比较分析。笔者对美国、英国、日本、韩国、德国、加拿大、台湾地区等对异议股东股份回购请求权的适用范围、适用权利主体、权利行使程序、权利限制措施、回购股份价格确认等方面均进行了论述,同时对各自规定的合理性及缺陷予以分析,为我国公司法对该制度进行完善提供参考与借鉴。第三章“我国异议股东股份回购请求权制度立法现状及缺陷”,介绍了我国异议股东股份回购请求权制度的建立过程,并对现行公司法中针对有限责任公司与股份有限公司股东行使该权利的不同规定进行论述分析,同时指出该制度存在的相应缺陷。第四章“我国异议股东股份回购请求权制度完善”,该章在前两章对他国或地区股份回购请求权制度进行比较分析及对我国立法规定进行详细研究基础上,提出了对我国异议股东股份回购请求权制度的完善建议,以期发挥其对中小股东权益保护的价值。
[Abstract]:In the early stage of the development of corporate organization, the voting mechanism of "unanimous principle" was adopted in the major resolutions of the company, that is, when all shareholders of the company agreed, the company's decision was passed and carried out smoothly. With the gradual establishment of the modern corporate system, the "principle of capital majority determination" has become the common rule of procedure for the major business decisions of the company and has been followed until now. It is conducive to the smooth operation of the company. And the "capital majority principle" sacrifices the expression of the intention of minority shareholders, At the same time, it is easy to become a "legal" tool for the majority shareholders to turn their will into a "legal" tool for oppressing minority shareholders after the company's intention to protect the rights and interests of minority shareholders. Balancing the relationship between the normal implementation of a company resolution and the protection of the rights and interests of minority shareholders, the system of claim for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders emerges as the times require. It gives minority shareholders the right to withdraw from the company under fair and reasonable compensation. This system originated in the United States and was gradually recognized by other countries or regions as an important system for the protection of minority shareholders' rights and interests. In January 2006, the Company Law, which was formally implemented in China, established for the first time the system of claim for share repurchase by dissenting shareholders, which is a great progress of company law and has far-reaching significance. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the legislation of major countries or regions in the world, we can see that the Company Law of our country has defects in the scope of application, the subject of application of rights, the procedure of application, and so on, so it is urgent to supplement and perfect the system. The basic structure of this paper is as follows:. The first chapter is an overview of the system of claim for share repurchase by dissenting shareholders. Firstly, it introduces the concept and system source of the right of claim for share repurchase by dissenting shareholders. There is a basic understanding of the emergence and development of the system. Secondly, it expounds the nature of the right of the dissenting shareholders to repurchase shares and discusses its legal characteristics in detail, and explains the emergence and exercise of the right. This paper compares the claim right of dissenting shareholders with that of other minority shareholders, and points out its unique institutional value. Finally, the theoretical basis of its existence is analyzed and introduced. The second chapter is "Comparative Analysis of the system of claims for share Repurchase by dissenting shareholders". This chapter discusses in detail the provisions of legislation in various countries or regions of the world concerning the system of claims for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders. The author makes a comparative analysis of the provisions in the United States, the United Kingdom, the United States and the United Kingdom. Japan, South Korea, Germany, Canada, Taiwan and so on have discussed the scope of application, the subject of the application of the right, the procedure of exercising the right, the measure of restriction of the right, the confirmation of the price of the share repurchase and so on. At the same time, the rationality and defects of the respective regulations are analyzed to provide reference and reference for the perfection of the system in the company law of our country. The third chapter, "legislation status and defects of the system of claim for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders", introduces the process of establishing the system of claim for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders in China. This paper also discusses and analyzes the different provisions of the current Company Law concerning the exercise of this right by shareholders of limited liability companies and joint-stock limited companies, and points out the corresponding defects of the system. Chapter 4th, "perfecting the system of claims for share repurchase by dissenting shareholders in China", makes a comparative analysis of the system of claims for share repurchase in other countries or regions and makes a detailed study on the legislative provisions of our country in the first two chapters. This paper puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the system of claim for share repurchase of dissenting shareholders in China in order to give play to its value in protecting the rights and interests of minority shareholders.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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