资本约束制度的进化和机制设计——以中美公司法的比较为核心

发布时间：2018-02-24 03:24

  本文关键词： 资本规制 资本约束 美国公司法 比较法　出处：《中国法学》2009年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：我国学者常常将美国公司法上的资本制度称之为授权资本制,并将其与大陆法相对,作为物种多元的样本,同时也作为比较法研究的时候,进行理论折中的一端。本文从进化的角度揭示出,在其他国家历史上也存在着和我国、大陆国家类似的法定资本制度,但随着社会生活的发展和法律规制技术,乃至于法律理论和理念的变化,这些僵化而无效的制度被不断的扬弃,而代之以宽松的资本规制+趋严的诚信义务(fidu-ciaryduty)的方式。具体表现为:(1)从政府通过法律强行性规范直接限制,进化到股东、公司、董事和债权人之间的相互制约;(2)从注重公司资本的起点,进化到以破产为核心标准来进行规制;(3)从公司和股东之间的不当交易及其方式的事前限制,进化到对诚信义务的事后责任分配。
[Abstract]:Chinese scholars often refer to the capital system in American company law as authorized capital system, and regard it as a sample of diversity of species, and also as a comparative law research. From the angle of evolution, this paper reveals that in the history of other countries, there are legal capital systems similar to those of China and mainland countries, but with the development of social life and legal regulation technology, Even with the changes in legal theories and concepts, these rigid and ineffective systems have been constantly abandoned, Instead, in the form of looser capital regulations and tighter credit obligations, the specific manifestation of this approach is: 1) from the government's direct restriction by law to the development of shareholders, companies, The mutual restriction between directors and creditors is from the starting point of focusing on the capital of the company to the regulation of bankruptcy as the core standard) from the improper transaction between the company and the shareholders and the prior restriction of the way. Evolution to the duty of good faith after the distribution of responsibility.
【作者单位】： 北京大学法学院;
【基金】：华东政法学院国际法律与比较法研究中心的“公司资本约束软化价值取向比较研究”研究课题的一部分
【分类号】：D912.29
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本文编号：1528695