有限公司股东分红权保护制度的完善

发布时间：2018-04-17 10:37

本文选题：有限公司 + 分红权　；参考：《北京工商大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：分红权是股东最重要的一项权利,它是股东出资设立的公司的原动力,但是由于公司治理结构的表决方式资本多数决原则在实践中异化,加上法律保护措施的缺失,造成我国有限公司股东的分红权普遍处于无保障的状态,为解决这一难题,保护广大中小股东的权利,笔者尝试在完善现有的股东分红权保护制度基础上,建立强制分红请求权制度,对有限公司的股东分红权采取系统的保护措施。本文第一章首先描述了我国股东分红权行使的现状及当前法律制度对股东分红权保护措施存在的问题,资本多数决原则在实践中了成了大股东压榨中小股东的工具,而公司法规定几种保护措施又都不能起到保护股东分红权作用,股东消灭存在瑕疵股东会决议的权利可被控股股东轻易规避,股东直接诉讼制度因为被告范围的限制,不能起到直接保护分红权的作用,强制解散公司制度因代价巨大被禁止作为分红权的救济措施,异议股东股权回购制度因条件苛刻无法使用,因此,迫切需要建立新的股东分红权保护措施。本文第二章主要探讨完善股东分红权直接保护措施,设想建立强制分红请求权诉讼制度。在分析对比了两大法系国家保护股东分红权的立法例的基础上,阐述了建立强制分红诉讼制度的理论依据和现实依据,通过对强制分红诉讼的行使条件,诉讼主体的确立,举证责任的分摊,诉讼的必要限制措施等内容的论述建立起来相对比较完备的强制分红诉讼制度。论文第三章阐述了间接保护股东分红权的相关制度的完善,包括股东知情权的保障,对股东会不分红决议的限制,恶意股东的惩罚性赔偿责任和异议股东股权回购制度的完善四个方面的内容。股东知情权是股东行使权利的基础,必须给予充分保障;通过限制股东会不分红决议的通过,达到避免强制分红诉讼副作用的目的;加大股东侵害他人利益的违法成本,间接起到保护股东分红权的作用;完善异议股东请求公司回购股份制度,在股东间的信赖关系完全丧失时,为股东提供较为畅通的退出渠道。通过对上述制度的保障和完善,让股东分红权的直接保护措施和间接保护措施相互配合使用,建立一个系统的保护有限公司股东分红权的体系。
[Abstract]:Dividend right is the most important right of shareholders, it is the motive force of the company set up by shareholders. However, because of the alienation of the principle of majority capital in practice and the lack of legal protection measures, the principle of majority decision of capital in corporate governance structure is dissimilated in practice.In order to solve this problem and protect the rights of minority shareholders, the author tries to improve the existing system of shareholder dividend protection.Establish the system of compulsory dividend claim and take systematic measures to protect shareholders' dividend right of limited company.In the first chapter of this paper, the author first describes the current situation of the exercise of shareholders' right to dividends and the problems existing in the current legal system for the protection of shareholders' right to share out dividends. The principle of capital majority decision has become a tool for large shareholders to squeeze minority shareholders in practice.However, the company law stipulates that several kinds of protective measures can not protect shareholders' right to pay dividends. Shareholders' right to eliminate defective shareholders' resolutions can be easily circumvented by controlling shareholders, and the shareholders' direct litigation system is restricted by the scope of the defendant.Can not play the role of direct protection of the right to dividends, forced dissolution of the company system because of the huge cost is prohibited as a dividend right relief measures, dissent shareholders share right repurchase system because of harsh conditions can not be used, therefore,There is an urgent need to establish new measures to protect shareholders' right to dividends.The second chapter mainly discusses how to perfect the direct protection measures of shareholder's dividend right, and conceive the establishment of compulsory dividend claim litigation system.On the basis of analyzing and comparing the legislative cases of protecting shareholders' dividend right in the countries of two legal systems, this paper expounds the theoretical and practical basis for establishing the compulsory dividend litigation system, and establishes the main body of the lawsuit through the exercise conditions of the compulsory dividend litigation.The allocation of burden of proof and the necessary restrictive measures of litigation have established a relatively complete system of compulsory dividend litigation.The third chapter expounds the improvement of the relevant system of indirect protection of shareholders' right to dividends, including the protection of shareholders' right to know, and the restrictions on the resolution of shareholders' meeting not to pay dividends.The punitive liability of malicious shareholders and the perfection of stock repurchase system of dissenting shareholders.Shareholders' right to know is the basis for shareholders to exercise their rights, which must be fully protected; by restricting the adoption of the resolution of shareholders' meeting not to pay dividends, the purpose of avoiding the side effects of compulsory dividends litigation can be avoided; and the illegal costs of shareholders violating the interests of others should be increased.Indirectly plays the role of protecting shareholders' right to share out dividends; perfecting the system of dissenting shareholders requesting the company to buy back shares; providing a relatively smooth exit channel for shareholders when the trust relationship between shareholders is completely lost.Through the protection and perfection of the above system, the direct protection measures and indirect protection measures of shareholders' dividend rights can be used in cooperation with each other, and a systematic system of protecting shareholders' dividend rights of limited companies will be established.
【学位授予单位】：北京工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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