领海的无害通过制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 03:44

本文关键词： 《联合国海洋法公约》领海无害通过制度外国船舶特殊船舶　出处：《海南大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全文包括引言、四个主文部分和结语,共2.2万余字符。引言。无害通过制度是我国一项重要的制度,对维护海防安全和发展经济具有十分重要的意义。我国无害通过制度体制不完善,国内相关研究尚属起始,而我国面临的海权斗争尤为激烈,研究更加适合海上活动的制度成为当务之急。一、主要分析了海洋自由原则、领海制度的确立以及领海无害通过权的产生。海洋自由是指任何船舶都有权在海上自由航行,领海制度体现沿海国自身的利益和要求,无害通过权的产生则是发达国家海上航行自由与沿海国领海主权妥协的结果。二、在无害通过制度下,沿海国所享有的权利和应当履行的义务。为了保障本国海上安全和利益,沿海国可以行使一定的立法权、行政权和司法权,但是,权力的行使受到某些义务的制约,如禁止妨碍义务、禁止歧视义务、信息公开义务。三、分析了船旗国及其船舶在他国领海享有的无害通过权以及相关义务,船舶在他国领海无害通过时,船旗国有有效管辖义务和污染防治义务,船舶有保障海上安全义务和海上救助义务。四、就军舰是否享有无害通过的权利展开讨论,分析了《联合国海洋法公约》等有关条约,以及中、美、俄等国家的相关规定。同时,对潜水艇和其他潜水器、核动力船舶、载有高度危险物质船舶、渔船以及政府船舶在领海的无害海通时,需要遵守的特殊规定进行分析。五、分析了中国领海制度的确立;通过解读现政府颁布的几部法律,阐明了其关于军舰无害通过事先批准制,其他特殊船舶需满足一定的条件才可通过他国领海,以及就如何完善外国船舶在领海的无害通过制度提出几点建议。结语。无害通过制度,是平衡沿海国领海主权和公海航行自由的产物,是保障航行自由和领海安全的手段。对于军舰,有的国家认为其享有无害通过权,有的则认为其需要事先通知沿海国或事先经沿海国批准。对于其他特殊船舶,在遵守相关规定的前提下,享有无害通过权。
[Abstract]:The full text includes an introduction, four main parts and a conclusion, with a total of more than 22,000 characters. Introduction. Innocent passage system is an important system in our country. It is of great significance to maintain the security of coastal defense and develop the economy. China's harmless passage system is not perfect, and the relevant domestic studies are still at the beginning, and the sea power struggle in China is particularly fierce. It is imperative to study a regime that is more suitable for maritime activities. First, it mainly analyzes the principle of freedom of the sea, the establishment of the regime of the territorial sea and the creation of the right of innocent passage of the territorial sea. The freedom of the sea means that any ship has the right to freedom of navigation at sea, The regime of territorial sea reflects the interests and demands of the coastal State itself, and the right of innocent passage is the result of compromise between the freedom of maritime navigation of developed countries and the sovereignty of the territorial sea of the coastal State. The rights and obligations of coastal States... in order to safeguard their maritime security and interests, coastal States may exercise certain legislative, executive and judicial powers, but the exercise of such powers is restricted by certain obligations, Such as the obligation to prohibit obstruction, the obligation to prohibit discrimination and the obligation to make information public. Third, the right of innocent passage enjoyed by the flag State and its vessels in the territorial waters of other countries and the relevant obligations are analyzed. Flag States have effective jurisdiction obligations and pollution prevention obligations, ships have the obligation to safeguard maritime safety and salvage at sea. 4. Discuss whether warships enjoy the right of innocent passage, and analyze relevant treaties such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, And the relevant provisions of China, the United States, Russia, and other countries. At the same time, when submarines and other submersibles, nuclear-powered vessels, vessels carrying highly dangerous substances, fishing vessels and government vessels are in the territorial waters of the harmless Haitong, Fifth, it analyzes the establishment of China's territorial sea regime; through the interpretation of several laws promulgated by the current government, it clarifies its system of prior approval of warships' innocent passage. Other special vessels must meet certain conditions before they can pass through the territorial waters of other countries, and make some suggestions on how to improve the system of innocent passage of foreign ships in the territorial sea. It is the product of balancing the territorial sea sovereignty of coastal States and the freedom of navigation on the high seas, and is a means of guaranteeing freedom of navigation and the safety of territorial waters... for warships, some States believe that they enjoy the right of innocent passage, Other special vessels have the right of innocent passage subject to the relevant provisions.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D993.5

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