北极渔业及渔业管理之现状及展望

发布时间：2018-03-07 05:12

本文选题：北极渔业　切入点：渔业管理　出处：《太平洋学报》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：气候变化下的北极渔业处于动态发展中,但发展参差不齐。由于地缘关系,大部分北极渔业处于北极国家"各自为政"的专属经济区渔业制度之下,难以形成一体化的北极渔业管理制度。北极还存在公海渔业,但北极国家的北极公海渔业管理主导意愿明显,造成北极国家与北极域外国家潜在的渔业权益争端。现阶段北极相关的区域性渔业管理组织由于分鱼类、分区域的特点而不能胜任北极渔业管理的职责。以《联合国海洋法公约》为代表的国际法律适用于北极海域却不针对北极海域。因此,北极渔业管理面临着各种挑战。北极各国之间的双/多边合作、北极国家与北极域外国家之间通过区域性渔业管理组织开展的国际合作对未来的北极渔业管理至关重要;并且,鉴于北极海域生态环境脆弱,北极必须实践预防性措施及基于生态系统的渔业管理理念。中国是重要的近北极国家,明确北极渔业对维护中国北极权益的重要性,重视科技先行的作用,开展广泛的北极合作,是中国北极渔业应对之关键。
[Abstract]:Arctic fisheries are in dynamic development under climate change, but development is uneven. Because of geography, most Arctic fisheries are under the "separate" exclusive economic zone fishery system of Arctic countries. It is difficult to form an integrated Arctic fisheries management regime. There are also high seas fisheries in the Arctic, but the Arctic countries have a clear desire to dominate the management of Arctic high seas fisheries. Resulting in a potential dispute over fisheries rights and interests between Arctic States and countries outside the Arctic. At this stage, regional fisheries management organizations associated with the Arctic are due to the division of fish, International law, represented by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, applies to Arctic waters but does not target Arctic waters... Arctic fisheries management faces challenges... bilateral / multilateral cooperation among Arctic States, international cooperation between Arctic States and States outside the Arctic through regional fisheries management organizations is essential for future Arctic fisheries management; and, In view of the fragile ecological environment of the Arctic waters, the Arctic must practice preventive measures and the concept of ecosystem-based fisheries management. China is an important country near the Arctic, and it is clear that Arctic fisheries are important for safeguarding the rights and interests of China's Arctic. Paying attention to the role of science and technology and carrying out extensive Arctic cooperation is the key to the response of Chinese Arctic fisheries.
【作者单位】：上海海洋大学;国家海洋局;
【基金】：教育部人文社科规划基金项目“北极公海渔业管理机制构建与中国的应对策略”(15YJAGJW007) 国家海洋局“南北极环境综合考察与评估专项”之“极地法律体系研究”科研项目(CHINARE2015-04-05-04) 国家留学基金委2014年国家公派高级研究学者及访问学者(含博士后)项目(201408310028)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D993.5

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