气候难民保护的国际法律研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 09:09

本文选题：气候恶化　切入点：难民保护　出处：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：工业革命以来,人类社会在大量消耗能源的大背景下,促进了经济的增长与社会的繁荣,但是在取得一系列上述成果的同时,也造成了一些副作用,其中影响最深的就是气候恶化的问题。现在,气候恶化已经成为了一个全球性问题而受到国际社会的广泛关注。气候恶化造成环境污染、生态破坏等问题,导致一些地区无法适合人类的生存,从而使这些原先居住在该地区的人们被迫离开,成为了“气候难民”,他们的合法权益也因为气候恶化而遭到侵害,急须必要的法律来保护其合法权益。而纵观各个有关气候问题或者难民问题的国际公约、协议,都没有很好的对于气候难民在权利保护方面给予规定,没有对气候难民的保护提供完善的法律依据,使这一特殊群体的利益无法得到有效保障。本文主要对气候难民的法律保护进行探讨,认为：首先,气候难民理应属于难民范畴,由于之前国际难民与国际气候方面相关法规的滞后性,气候难民的法律地位没有得到确认,其损害也就很难进行救济,对气候难民的保护也就无法有效进行。因此,应该对于气候难民应该在立法上予以确立,为保护其合法权益提供法律依据。其次,要建立健全的气候难民保护体制,明确造成气候难民的国家责任,使对气候难民的保护能够切实可行。最后,在建立健全的气候难民保护体制的同时,还要发挥国际组织的作用,建立的气候难民补偿基金,以便实现对气候难民进行保护的目的。中国对于气候难民问题,也应该制定相关的预设性法律,在促进气候难民权利保障上发挥作用。建议在上述保障措施的基础上,还须要加强国际间应对气候问题的合作,气候难民是由气候问题造成的,因此只有国际社会对气候问题采取有效的解决措施,才能从根本上解决气候难民问题。
[Abstract]:Since the industrial revolution, human society has promoted economic growth and social prosperity under the background of massive consumption of energy. However, while it has achieved a series of achievements, it has also caused some side effects. One of the most important is the problem of climate deterioration, which has become a global problem and has received widespread attention from the international community. The deterioration of the climate causes problems such as environmental pollution, ecological destruction, etc., which makes some areas unfit for human survival, thus forcing the people who originally lived in the region to leave. They have become "climate refugees" and their legitimate rights and interests have also been infringed upon because of the deterioration of the climate. They urgently need the necessary laws to protect their legitimate rights and interests. And throughout the various international conventions and agreements on climate or refugee issues, There are no good provisions for the protection of the rights of climate refugees, and no perfect legal basis for the protection of climate refugees, so that the interests of this special group can not be effectively protected. This paper mainly discusses the legal protection of climate refugees. Firstly, climate refugees should belong to the category of refugees. If the legal status of climate refugees is not recognized, the damage will be difficult to remedy and the protection of climate refugees will not be effective. Therefore, climate refugees should be established in legislation, To provide a legal basis for the protection of their legitimate rights and interests. Secondly, to establish a sound regime for the protection of climate refugees, to clarify the national responsibility for climate refugees, and to make the protection of climate refugees feasible. Finally, While establishing a sound system for the protection of climate refugees, it is also necessary to play the role of international organizations in setting up a compensation fund for climate refugees in order to achieve the purpose of protecting climate refugees. Preconceived laws should also be enacted to play a role in promoting the protection of the rights of climate refugees. Recommending that, on the basis of the above-mentioned safeguards, there is also a need to strengthen international cooperation in the response to climate problems, which are the cause of climate refugees, and that only the international community can take effective measures to address climate problems, In order to fundamentally solve the problem of climate refugees.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D99

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