“横滨轮胎案”评析

发布时间：2018-03-12 22:25

本文选题：国际产品责任　切入点：法律适用原则　出处：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国际经贸一体化的逐步发展及各国对外交往的日益频繁，因国际产品责任而产生的诉讼也逐年增加。而国内外学者主要致力于国际产品责任法律适用的理论研究，很少对一个案例进行完整深入的分析。本文选取了一个较为典型的国际产品责任案件，运用实证分析、比较分析及历史分析的方法，对其法律适用进行解析，并对新颁布实施的《中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法》（以下简称《法律适用法》）中有关产品责任法律适用的条款进行剖析，以期法官在今后的判案中能在遵循国际产品责任有关法律的同时灵活运用其法律适用原则。除去引言，文章由三个部分组成。第一部分是案情简介。这一部分从“横滨轮胎案”的起因谈起，提及了案件的双方当事人，总结了原被告双方各自的主张及其为支持各自主张向法庭提供的主要证据，归纳了案件的五个争议焦点，分析了法官选择准据法的依据，阐明了法官对第一个争议焦点的审理过程及案件的判决结果。第二部分是对“横滨轮胎案”的评析。这一部分又由六个方面组成。首先，从宏观上肯定了法官敢于灵活选择外国法做为准据法的做法。其次，在对有利于受害人原则进行简要分析的基础上，通过对《中华人民共和国产品质量法》及日本的《制造物责任法》有关条款的比较分析后，释明了法官选择日本的《制造物责任法》作为准据法的原因。再次，通过分析最密切联系原则实质，反驳了某些学者提出的该案适用了此原则的看法。然后，通过与“美国心脏起搏器侵权案”中法官适用法律的比较，揭示在现行法律规定下，中国法官在遇有国际产品责任案件时的法律适用倾向及出现这一倾向的原因。之后，指出判决的不足之处。最后，对最新实施的《法律适用法》中与产品责任法律适用有关的条款进行解析，并将这一法律适用到本案中。第三部分是对国际产品责任法律适用原则及我国相关规定的阐述。这一部分又由三个方面的内容组成。一是对国际产品责任的法律适用原则进行梳理，，并对其在适用中表现出的优点及不足逐一进行评析。二是对《中华人民共和国民法通则》（以下简称《民法通则》）中有关产品责任法律适用的条款进行梳理，并着重分析其缺点所在。三是对《法律适用法》中与产品责任法律适用有关的条款进行解析，并对其优点进行剖析。
[Abstract]:With the gradual integration of the development of international trade and foreign exchanges have become more frequent, due to international product liability litigation has increased year by year. The theoretical research of scholars at home and abroad mainly focuses on the law of international product liability, rarely analysis deeply on a case study. This paper selected a typical international product liability cases, using empirical analysis, comparative analysis and historical analysis, the applicable law is analyzed, and the new foreign civil relations law < People's Republic of China > implementation (hereinafter referred to as "the law applicable law >) analyzes the application of the product liability provisions, in order to judge the flexibility use the rules of application of law in international product liability and follow the relevant laws in future cases.
Apart from the introduction, the article is composed of three parts.
The first part is the introduction. This part starts from the origin of "Yokohama tire case", referred to in the case of both parties, summarizes the positions of each party and to support the main evidence for their claim to the court, summed up the five controversial focus of the case, analyzes the choice of applicable law basis. The process of trial and judge for the first issue of the verdict.
The second part is the analysis of "Yokohama tire case". This part consists of six aspects. First, from the macro affirmed judge dare to flexibly choose foreign law as the law applicable in practice. Secondly, on the basis of a brief analysis of the principles for the victims, according to the "product quality law of People's Republic of China > and < the Japanese Product Liability Law > the relevant provisions of the comparative analysis, the judges choose Japan" product liability law > as applicable law. Thirdly, through the analysis of the most closely linked to the principle of essence, dismissed the case some scholars proposed the application of the principle of view. Then, through comparative law and "the United States pacemaker infringement case" the judge applies, reveal under the existing legal provisions, the judge in the case of China reason Law Tendency of international product liability cases and the emergence of this tendency After that, the shortcomings of the judgement are pointed out. Finally, the articles related to the application of product liability law, which are newly implemented in the law applicable law, are analyzed and applied to this case.
The third part is about the rules of law application to international products liability and related regulations in China in this paper. This part consists of three aspects. One is the legal principle of international product liability to sort out, and the show in the application of the advantages and disadvantages of one by one. The two is to "People's Republic of China the general principles of the civil law" (hereinafter referred to as the "general principles of civil law >) in the application of product liability law in terms of carding, and analyzes its shortcomings. Where three is to analyze the relevant legal provisions and product liability law" law ", and its advantages are analyzed.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997.1

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