NAFTA保障措施法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 21:14

本文选题：NAFTA　切入点：保障措施　出处：《西南政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：WTO多边贸易体制追求公平、自由贸易,保障措施制度作为公平贸易条件下国内产业的保护手段,对一国贸易产业的调整以及国内贸易安全具有重要的意义,具有“安全阀”的作用。正因为如此,在众多的国际贸易协定以及区域贸易协定中大多都有保障措施的制度安排。NAFTA(North America Free Trade Agreement,以下简称“NAFTA”)作为世界上第一个由发达国家和发展中国家组成的自由贸易区,保障措施法律制度在《北美自由贸易协定》等法律文件中占有重要地位,美国作为NAFTA的重要成员国,在其后所签订的所有贸易协定中,几乎都涉及到保障条款,其发动的一系列保障措施调查,比如美国麦麸案、美国钢铁保障措施案等,也对全球贸易产生了重要影响。随着中国加入世贸组织,以及中国不断增加的区域贸易实践,使得保障措施法律制度对中国的对外贸易业产生了重要影响,中国在对外贸易中如何应对保障措施也是我们必须面临的问题。本文除引言和结语外,共分为五个部分,采用了政治经济分析、法哲学分析、实证分析、比较分析的研究方法,在着重对NAFTA保障措施制度的类型、实施条件、争端解决机制进行分析与论述后,对中国所遭遇到的保障措施进行了实证分析,并对中国保障措施制度的建设提出了笔者的建议。第一部分,NAFTA保障措施的源起及理论基础探究。本部分主要阐述了NAFTA保障措施的渊源,并对其政治、经济、法律基础进行了简要分析,总结出了NAFTA保障措施的特点,为下文进一步的论述NAFTA保障措施法律制度进行了理论铺垫。第二部分,NAFTA全球保障措施制度的实施。本部分首先对NAFTA全球保障措施的类型进行了区分,即分为NAFTA对非成员方和成员方的全球保障措施两种类型。其次,着重论述了NAFTA保障措施的实施条件,并且对“未预见的发展”条件在NAFTA两种类型的保障措施下的异同进行了比较。再次,对NAFTA保障措施的实施程序进行了分析,着重论述了通知和磋商程序。最后,对NAFTA全球保障措施的实施限度、实施方的补偿以及被实施方的报复权进行了简要的分析。第三部分,NAFTA双边保障措施制度的实施。本部分首先介绍了NAFTA双边保障措施的类型。其次,着重论述了NFATA双边保障措施的实施条件,并对NAFTA双边保障措施制度在过渡期内和过度期外的异同进行了区分。最后,论述了NAFTA双边保障措施的实施程序、时间以及形式。第四部分,NAFTA保障措施的争端解决程序。本部分首先分析NAFTA保障措施争端解决所适用的机制。其次,对NAFTA保障措施不同争端解决程序的特点进行了简要分析。最后,重点论述了NAFTA保障措施争端解决的仲裁程序。第五部分,NAFTA保障措施对中国保障措施制度建设的启示。随着中国加入世贸组织以及不断增加的区域贸易实践,保障措施制度对中国贸易产生着重要影响。本部分首先分析了中国所面临的保障措施问题,并在借鉴NAFTA保障措施制度经验的基础上,为中国保障措施法律制度的建设提出笔者的建议。
[Abstract]:WTO multilateral trade system the pursuit of fairness, free trade, safeguard measures as a means of protection of domestic industries under fair trade conditions, is of great significance to adjust a country's trade industry and domestic trade safety, with "safety valve" role. Because of this,.NAFTA system in a large number of international trade agreements and regional trade most of them have agreement of safeguard measures (North America Free Trade Agreement, hereinafter referred to as "NAFTA") as the world's first composed of developed and developing countries of the free trade area, the legal system of safeguard measures play an important role in the "North American Free Trade Agreement" and other legal documents, the United States as an important member of the NAFTA all trade agreements signed, in later, almost all related to safeguards, it launched a series of measures to protect the investigation, such as the case of wheat bran, The American steel safeguard measures, also have an important impact on Global trade. With Chinese joined WTO, and Chinese increasing regional trade practice, has produced important influence that the safeguard measures of the legal system of China foreign trade industry, Chinese in foreign trade in how to deal with security measures is also a problem we have to face.
Besides the introduction and conclusion, is divided into five parts, the analysis of the political economy, philosophy of law analysis, empirical analysis, comparative analysis of research methods, focuses on the conditions in the implementation of the safeguards system of NAFTA type, and the dispute settlement mechanism is analyzed and discussed, the safeguard measures encountered on the China the empirical analysis, and puts forward suggestions on how to build a China safeguards system.
The first part, explore the origin and theoretical basis of NAFTA safeguard measures. This part mainly expounds the origin of NAFTA safeguard measures, and the political, economic and legal basis are briefly analyzed, summed up the characteristics of NAFTA safeguard measures for the further discussion of NAFTA insurance legal system avoidance measures theoretically.
The second part, the implementation of NAFTA global safeguard measures. This part of the first type of NAFTA global security measures were distinguished, which is divided into the NAFTA of the global safeguard measures and non party members of the two types. Secondly, discusses the implementation conditions of NAFTA safeguard measures, and the similarities and differences of "unforeseen developments" on the condition of two types of NAFTA safeguard measures are compared by the implementation of NAFTA program. Once again, the safeguard measures are analyzed, focusing on the notification and consultation procedures. Finally, the implementation of the NAFTA global limit safeguard measures, makes a brief analysis of the compensation and the implementation of Party Party implement the right of revenge.
The third part, the NAFTA bilateral safeguard measures. This part first introduces the type of NAFTA bilateral safeguard measures. Secondly, focuses on the implementation of NFATA bilateral safeguard measures, and the system of NAFTA bilateral safeguard measures in the transition period and the period of excessive differences into the distinction. Finally, discusses the implementation of NAFTA program the bilateral safeguard measures, time and form.
The fourth part, dispute settlement procedures of NAFTA safeguard measures. This part first analyzes the safeguard measures of NAFTA dispute settlement mechanism applicable. Secondly, the characteristics of NAFTA safeguard measures of different dispute settlement procedures are briefly analyzed. Finally, the paper discusses NAFTA safeguard measures dispute arbitration procedures.
The fifth part, China enlightenment to safeguard system construction of NAFTA safeguard measures. With the practice of regional trade China joined WTO and increasing the safeguards system has great influence on Chinese trade. This part analyzes the safeguard measures Chinese facing application problems, and on the basis of the NAFTA safeguards experience. The author puts forward suggestions for the construction of the legal system of China safeguard measures.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.1

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