论死刑不引渡原则

发布时间：2018-04-06 21:00

本文选题：引渡　切入点：引渡法　出处：《中央民族大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：死刑不引渡是保护人权的一个重要体现,表明了对死刑的限制和反对、对被引渡人生命权的保护以及国际人道主义精神。死刑不引渡原则是现代引渡制度的产物,是随着人权观念的兴起逐步形成和发展起来的。由于我国特殊的历史原因和当前经济体制改革的特殊国情,目前还不可能废除死刑。随着我国外交政策的不断完善、对外国际交流的不断扩大,我国在国际上的大国地位在日益提高,给重刑犯、死刑犯引渡回我国受审带来了中国与国际间法律合作的广阔空间。但国际上被普遍认可的引渡制度中死刑不引渡原则往往又是阻碍国际间罪犯引渡顺利实现的一个重要因素。因死刑刑种保留国及死刑废除国之间思想认识、价值观、人权观的不同而更加引起国际法学界的深度关注,使之发展成为发挥作用较大的引渡原则之一。我国刑法中判处死刑的罪名较多,虽然修改后的我国《刑法》减少了部分罪名的死刑适用条款,并且由最高人民法院收回了死刑复核权,其目的是降低死刑刑种的适用率,使死刑的适用更加严格,更加慎重。但在我国的司法实践中,每年的死刑判决率仍在世界上居于高位。而我们必须看到,引渡是一种国际间刑事司法协助制度,它能清晰地反映我国的立法精神,反映我国在人权保护问题上的基本态度和国际形象,我国《引渡法》对于此项原则采取了回避的态度,立法上处于空白状态。但为了我国的国际刑事司法协助顺利开展,在我国的《引渡法》中明确规定“死刑不引渡原则”应当是大势所趋。引渡问题因为司法制度的不同,同时往往涉及到国家政治、经济、外交等方面,因而在一些个案引渡问题上困难重重,这已引起了国际社会的广泛关注。在引渡问题上求同存异,加强合作,已成为国际社会的广泛共识。因此,在实践中如何运用死刑不引渡原则,更有效的使国内法积极、现实的应对国际普遍被认可的引渡方面的法律问题是一个值得研究的题目。本文从死刑不引渡原则的概念与产生背景出发,分析了死刑不引渡原则的法理基础,结合我国引渡活动的立法和司法领域的实践,探讨死刑不引渡原则在我国面临的困境及应对思路。同时,从比较法的角度,考察了死刑不引渡原则的国内外理论与实践,分析了我国引渡制度在该原则上存在的问题,提出了探讨建议,希望有利于我国引渡法的完善以及国际刑事司法合作的开展。
[Abstract]:The death penalty is an important manifestation of the protection of human rights, to indicate the limitation of death penalty and against extradition of life and rights protection and international humanitarian spirit. The principle of non extradition of death penalty is a product of modern extradition system, with the rise of the concept of human rights is gradually formed and developed. Because of the special conditions and historical reasons special in China and the current economic system reform, it is impossible to abolish the death penalty. As China's foreign policy of continuous improvement, foreign exchange continues to expand, China's status in the world is increasing, to felons, condemned and extradited to China's trial has brought a broad space for legal cooperation China and international. But the internationally recognized system of extradition in principle of non extradition of death penalty is an important factor in obstructing the international extradition smoothly due to death penalty. The abolition of the death penalty in between and keep thinking, values, concept of human rights is different and more depth in the fields of international law, to become one of the great principles of extradition. More charges in the criminal law of China sentenced to death, although our country criminal law "revised > reduces the death penalty charges the applicable provisions of the Supreme People's court, and withdraw the death penalty review power, its aim is to reduce the rate of death penalty for punishment, the death penalty is more strict, more careful. But in the judicial practice of our country, the annual death penalty rate is still in the world living high. And we must see that the extradition is a for the international criminal judicial assistance system, it can clearly reflect the spirit of the legislation of our country, reflects China's basic attitude in the protection of human rights issues and the international image of China" for the principle of Extradition Law adopted avoidance The attitude of the legislation is blank in our country. But in order to successfully carry out the international criminal judicial assistance, Extradition Law clearly stipulates that "the principle of non extradition of death penalty" should represent the general trend in our country. "The issue of extradition because the judicial system is different, and often involved in the country's political, economic, diplomatic and other aspects, so in some cases the issue of extradition difficulties, which has aroused widespread concern in the international community. In the issue of extradition on strengthening cooperation, seek common ground, has become the consensus of the international community. Therefore, how to use the principle of non extradition of death penalty in practice, more efficient to make domestic law actively cope with the international reality universally acknowledged the extradition of the legal issues is a subject worthy of our study. This article from the concept of the principle of the death penalty and the background of the analysis of the legal basis of the principle of the death penalty, with me In the practice of extradition legislation and judicial field, to explore the principle of non extradition of death penalty in our country is facing difficulties and countermeasures. At the same time, from the perspective of comparative law, reviewed the theory and practice of the principle of non extradition of death penalty, analyzes the extradition system of our country exists in the question of principle were discussed suggestions, hope is conducive to the improvement of the Extradition Law in China and the international criminal judicial cooperation.

【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D924

【参考文献】