《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》中违约损害赔偿可预见规则研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 05:02

本文关键词：《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》中违约损害赔偿可预见规则研究　出处：《暨南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在合同法领域,违约损害赔偿是一个内涵十分丰富的问题。在其具体适用中,往往需要借助各种规则,以平衡合同双方利益、公平分配交易风险,可预见规则便是其中之一。该规则自19世纪被提出以后,得到两大法系的广泛认可和接受。1964年《国际货物买卖统一法公约》在总结两大法系立法和司法实践的基础上,将其完整表述于条文中。该条文后被《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》(以下简称《销售公约》)第74条以细微的改动后继承。我国在成为《销售公约》的缔约国后,也于1999年颁布的《合同法》第113条“但书”中确立了该规则。但我国对该规则缺乏深入的理论研究和实践经验,司法工作中大多不能准确把握规则的内涵,规则的适用效果并不明显。本文以《销售公约》第74条中可预见规则相关规定为研究对象,分三个层次展开研究。首先,通过对可预见规则进行简要的概念性介绍提出待研究问题;梳理可预见规则在两大法系中的体现及其在《销售公约》中的形成沿革,从宏观层面开展对规则的认识。其次,本章从微观上探讨了《销售公约》中可预见规则的具体内涵,探讨的内容包括规则的构成及其与因果关系理论的关系。其中,对规则内容的探讨是本章的研究重点。探讨的子问题包括:可预见规则中预见的主体、预见的时间、预见的标准、预见的对象四个方面。笔者对此四个方面的探讨既有对《销售公约》相关条文的语义解读,也有对理论和学术界不同学术观点的分析;并结合具有代表性的司法判例和法官的案例解读,提出自己的观点和看法。此外,由于因果关系理论属于违约损害赔偿认定中的基本理论,其与可预见规则在处理违约损害赔偿问题上有着紧密的联系,笔者也将其列入对可预见规则第二层次的探讨中。最后,在对可预见规则宏观和微观的研究基础上,笔者简单的评价了《销售公约》中可预见规则的适用优点和不足。并将研究的视角转向国内,系统总结了可预见规则在我国的立法及适用现状,分析产生问题的原因,从比较法的角度,对完善我国《合同法》中可预见规则的适用提出了若干建议。
[Abstract]:In the field of contract law, damages for breach of contract is a very rich connotation. In its application, often need to use all kinds of rules, in order to balance the interests of both the contract, fair distribution of transaction risk, the rule of foreseeability is one of them. Since the rule was proposed in nineteenth Century, two big legal system and widely recognized accept.1964 < uniform law on the international sale of goods "in summing up the two legal legislation and judicial practice, the complete expression in provisions. After this provision by" the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the international sale of goods "(hereinafter referred to as the" Convention on the sale of seventy-fourth >) in subtle changes after China's inheritance. In a signatory to the Convention on the sale of < >, in 1999 promulgated the < contract law > 113rd "proviso" established the rules. But China is lack of theoretical research and practical experience of the rules of judicial work, mostly Can not accurately grasp the connotation of rules, rules of the applicable effect is not obvious. Based on the "sales convention > seventy-fourth in the foreseeable rules as the research object of the relevant provisions, is divided into three levels. Firstly, the concept of the rule of foreseeability briefly introduced the research problem; combing can reflect the rule of foresight in two legal formation and evolution in the < > in the sales convention, from the macro level of awareness of the rules. Secondly, this chapter from the micro analyses of the specific connotation of CISG in < > predictable rules, which explore the contents including the rules and its relationship with the theory of causation. The study of the rules of the content is the research emphasis of this chapter. Including the problems discussed: the subject can foresee in the rules, the forecast time, expected standard, four aspects of the object. The author of this study predicted four aspects Both the semantic interpretation of the relevant provisions of the Convention on the sale of < >, also the analysis of the theory and the academic circles of different academic views; and combining with the case of representative judicial precedents and judges, put forward their own views and opinions. In addition, the causal relationship between damage compensation of breach of contract theory belongs to the basic theory of cognizance. The breach of contract and predictable rules on compensation issues are closely linked, the author will also be included in the rule of foresight to the level of second. Finally, based on the rule of foreseeability of macroscopic and microcosmic, the author simply evaluates the advantages of sales convention > < application of predictable rules and shortcomings. And the research perspective to China, summarized the rule of foreseeability in legislation and the application of the status quo, analysis of the causes of the problems, from the perspective of comparative law, to perfect our contract law in < > The application of the foresight rules put forward a number of suggestions.

【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.6

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