保险法弃权和禁止反言制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 07:44

本文选题：保险法弃权制度　切入点：保险法禁止反言制度　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济危机影响的不断深入，分散风险受到了人们的广泛关注，保险行业也得到了迅猛的发展，，但随之而来的保险合同纠纷也不断增多。据统计，2012年我国法院共审结七万余件保险合同纠纷，其中近七成的纠纷涉及保险法第十六条投保人如实告知义务。2013年6月，《保险法司法解释二》的公布，以三分之一的篇幅对司法审判工作中如何理解和适用保险法第十六条进行详细的解释和阐述，并正式引入弃权制度。本文主要分为三个部分：第一部分介绍了制度的起源和概念。关于保险法弃权制度的概念，主要探讨了弃权行为不应包括合意行为和无需约因两个层面。关于保险法禁止反言制度的概念，认为应以合同法禁止反言制度的概念为基础并结合保险法的特性予以理解。第二部分为制度的基本内容。弃权制度的框架，包括弃权制度适用的主体要件应为保险人及其代理人、主观上为知道或者推定应知的程度、客观要件中不包括沉默，以及典型行为的不完全列举四个方面，弃权制度的适用不应超越公共利益、客观事实、除外与不包括危险和未弃权条款的范围。禁止反言制度的理论框架包括适用的四个要件，即保险人或保险代理人的不正当行为要件、主观目的要件，投保人、被保险人善意、合理的信赖要件、即将遭受损害要件，并探讨了禁止反言制度“只能为盾，不能为矛”的适用限制。第三部分为我国保险法中两制度的构建。主要介绍了2009年《保险法》第十六条第三款和第六款、2013年《保险法司法解释二》中有关弃权和禁止反言制度的规定，并针对其中的不足从理论和实践层面提出了一些建议，即保险法理论层面需明确制度的适用要件、应严格限制制度的适用范围等，从保险法实践层面应公布更多制度适用的典型案件予以指导等。
[Abstract]:With the impact of the economic crisis, the spread of risk has been widely concerned, the insurance industry has also been rapid development. According to statistics, in 2012, more than 70,000 insurance contract disputes were settled by Chinese courts. Nearly 70% of the disputes relate to the 16th articles of the Insurance Law concerning the obligation of the insured to truthfully inform. In June 2013, the "Judicial interpretation of the Insurance Law" was promulgated. This paper gives a detailed explanation and elaboration on how to understand and apply the 16th article of Insurance Law in the judicial work with a page of 1/3, and formally introduces the waiver system. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part introduces the origin and concept of the system. This paper mainly discusses that waiver should not include two levels: consensual act and unnecessary cause. On the concept of estoppel system in insurance law, the author holds that it should be understood on the basis of the concept of estoppel system in contract law and combined with the characteristics of insurance law. The second part is the basic content of the system. The framework of the waiver system, including the application of the waiver system should be the insurer and its agents, subjective for the degree of knowledge or presumption of knowledge, the objective elements do not include silence. As well as four aspects of incomplete enumeration of typical acts, the application of waiver system should not exceed the public interest, objective facts, excluding and excluding the scope of risk and non-waiver clause. The theoretical framework of estoppel system includes four elements of application. That is, the improper acts of the insurer or the insurance agent, the subjective purpose, the policy holder, the insured, the reasonable trust, the condition of imminent damage, and the discussion that the estoppel system can only be used as a shield. Cannot be a spear "application limit." The third part is the construction of the two systems in the insurance law of our country. It mainly introduces the provisions of the third and 6th sections of the 16th articles of the Insurance Law in 2009 and the judicial interpretation of the Insurance Law in 2013 about the system of abstaining and estoppel. In view of the deficiency, some suggestions are put forward from the theoretical and practical aspects, that is, the theoretical level of insurance law should clarify the applicable elements of the system, and strictly limit the scope of application of the system, etc. From the aspect of practice of insurance law, more typical cases should be published.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.284

【共引文献】