第三人侵害债权问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 19:27

本文选题：第三人侵害债权　切入点：不可侵性　出处：《大连理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：在传统民法理论看来,侵权法保护的范围仅限于物权等绝对权利,对于债权的保护则应该由债权法来进行,但是随着社会经济的发展,债权的优势地位越来越明显,而与此同时,债权受到侵害的形式也有了新的变化,由第三人的行为对债权造成侵害的现象越来越多,对于此种行为,依照债权的相对性原则,债权法是无法对债以外第三人的行为进行干预的,而侵权法的保护范畴又不包括债权,这样债权人的利益受到了损失却无法得到保护,第三人侵害债权的问题也就应运而生。本文旨在通过对相关理论的探讨,对相关制度的考察以为对第三人侵害债权的理解和构建提出一些建议,为了达到这个目的,本文运用了历史研究方法,文献研究方法和比较分析方法等多种研究方法对第三人侵害债权问题进行了较为深入的探讨,最终提出了解决我国第三人侵害债权规制过程中出现的问题的建议。在此基础上,对于侵害债权行为的规制应当会在我国未来的制度设计中有所体现,到时现存的问题也将随着对其理解的加深得到较为全面的答复。本篇文章分成三部分：第一部分是引言,第二部分是正文,第三部分是结论。引言部分,笔者通过对债权理论的简要分析把第三人侵害债权问题引出,并对本文的论证结构、范围和方法进行了较为详细的阐述。正文部分有四章,第一章对第三人侵害债权问题进行了概述,包括对于该问题的历史起源和第三人侵害债权界定,对第三人侵害债权行为的具体形态进行了直接侵权和间接侵权的分类,对第三人侵害债权的理论基础进行了阐述,提出第三人侵害债权是对债权的相对性的突破,是不可侵性理论等共同作用的结果,并探讨了研究第三入侵害债权问题的价值。第二章对第三人侵害债权行为的构成要件作了主观要件、客观行为、实际损害和因果关系四要素认定的探讨,对分类后具体形态的责任承担进行了认定。第三章通过对比国外第三人侵害债权的发展,分析了我国的立法及制度实践中存在的问题,主要包括侵害行为不法性的标准难以确定的问题、与合同法中相关救济问题关系不明晰的问题、侵权责任法中民事权益的适用范围不明晰问题和缺乏具体规定的问题等。第四章主要针对第三章提出的问题,通过对相关立法的准备,对侵害行为不法性的标准的确定,对与相关救济问题矛盾的解决和对第三人侵害债权的未来遐想等来解决我国第三人侵害债权的问题。结论部分笔者进一步阐明第三人侵害债权是在不可侵性理论等多重作用下发展而来的,且对文章构成要件等做了总结。
[Abstract]:In the view of traditional civil law theory, the scope of protection of tort law is limited to absolute rights such as real right, and the protection of creditor's rights should be carried out by creditor's rights law. However, with the development of social economy, the dominant position of creditor's rights becomes more and more obvious. At the same time, the forms of infringement of creditor's rights have also been changed, and the phenomenon of infringement of claims caused by the behavior of the third party is more and more, for this kind of behavior, according to the principle of relativity of creditor's rights, The creditor's rights law cannot interfere with the behavior of the third party other than the debt, and the protection scope of the tort law does not include the creditor's rights, so the creditor's interests are lost but can't be protected, and the third party's infringement of the creditor's rights arises at the historic moment. The purpose of this paper is to put forward some suggestions for the understanding and construction of the third party's infringement of creditor's rights through the discussion of relevant theories and related systems. In order to achieve this goal, this paper uses the historical research method. The methods of literature research and comparative analysis have discussed the problem of the third party's infringement of creditor's rights deeply, and finally put forward some suggestions to solve the problems in the course of the regulation of the third party's infringement of creditor's rights in our country. The regulation of infringing creditor's rights should be reflected in the system design of our country in the future, and the existing problems will also get a more comprehensive reply with the deepening of understanding. This article is divided into three parts: the first part is the introduction, the second part is the text, the third part is the conclusion. There are four chapters in the main body. The first chapter summarizes the problem of the third party's infringing creditor's rights, including the historical origin of the problem and the definition of the third party's infringing claim. This paper classifies the specific forms of infringement of creditor's rights by the third party directly and indirectly, expounds the theoretical basis of the infringement of the creditor's rights by the third party, and puts forward that the infringement of the creditor's rights by the third party is a breakthrough in the relativity of the creditor's rights. It is the result of the joint action of the theory of inviolability, and discusses the value of studying the problem of the third party's infringing creditor's rights. The second chapter makes subjective elements and objective acts on the constitutive elements of the third party's infringing creditor's rights. The third chapter analyzes the problems existing in legislation and system practice of our country by comparing the development of foreign third party's infringement of creditor's rights. It mainly includes the problem that the standard of illegality of infringing act is difficult to determine, and the problem that the relation between the related relief problem in contract law is not clear, The application scope of civil rights and interests in tort liability law is unclear and lack of specific provisions. Chapter four mainly aims at the problems raised in Chapter three, through the preparation of relevant legislation, the determination of the standard of illegality of infringing acts. In order to solve the problem of the contradiction with the related relief problems and the future daydream of the third party encroaching on the creditor's rights in our country, the conclusion part further clarifies that the third party encroaching on the creditor's rights is in the theory of inviolability. Developed under the same action, And the composition of the article elements and so on to make a summary.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923

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