包需求合同的法理与适用

发布时间：2018-04-02 18:00

本文选题：包需求合同　切入点：合同效力　出处：《法学研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：包需求合同源自商人从事商业实践的需要,是指买方所有需求都只能由卖方满足并根据买方需求量来决定合同数量的买卖合同,是开放条款合同的典型。古典合同法对于合同条款有较为严格的要求,通常会对数量条款不确定的包需求合同持怀疑态度。但在现代合同法,包需求合同是一种数量条款约定不明但可以通过买方需求加以确定的特殊类型买卖合同。它不论在英美法系、大陆法系还是中国法中都存在合法有效的解释适用空间。数量条款的开放性为包需求合同当事人带来交易灵活性、高效率等诸多益处的同时,也使包需求合同产生容易为当事人所滥用的弊端。为兴利除弊,需要引入诚实信用原则作为包需求合同履行、解释、适用、救济的中心准则,并结合其具体类型、次级规则和个别情境等具体化手段来规范包需求合同的实践应用。包需求合同的违约救济需要在区分不同类型包需求合同的基础上,衡量损害赔偿的具体因素,考察实际履行的现实可能性,从而增强包需求合同违约救济的确定性和操作性。
[Abstract]:The package demand contract, which originates from the merchant's need to engage in commercial practice, means that all the buyer's needs can only be satisfied by the seller and the quantity of the contract can be determined according to the buyer's demand. It is a typical open clause contract.Classical contract law has strict requirements for contract terms, and it is usually sceptical about package demand contracts with uncertain quantitative terms.However, in modern contract law, package demand contract is a kind of special type of sale contract which is unclear in terms of quantity and can be determined by buyer's demand.Whether in Anglo-American law system, civil law system or Chinese law system, there is legal and effective interpretation space.The openness of quantity terms brings many benefits such as transaction flexibility and high efficiency for the parties to the package demand contract, but also makes the package demand contract produce abuses that are easily abused by the parties.In order to do good things and eliminate malpractices, we need to introduce the principle of good faith as the central criterion for the performance, interpretation, application and relief of the package demand contract, and combine it with its specific types.Specific measures such as secondary rules and individual situations are used to standardize the practical application of package demand contracts.On the basis of distinguishing different types of contract of package demand, the remedy for breach of contract of package demand needs to measure the specific factors of compensation for damages, investigate the realistic possibility of actual performance, so as to enhance the certainty and maneuverability of the relief of breach of contract of package demand contract.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学比较法学研究院;
【基金】：中国政法大学优秀中青年教师人才支持计划霍英东基金项目资助
【分类号】：D923.6

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