国际货物买卖中的瑕疵担保责任研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 22:29

本文选题：瑕疵 + 瑕疵担保责任　；参考：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：瑕疵担保责任起源于罗马法,该制度自产生之日起即在稳定交易关系、维护交易公正方面发挥着重要的作用。随着社会的进步、技术的发展,商品交易中存在的瑕疵越来越难以为买受人预见和识别,所以现代民法体系中仍然坚持瑕疵担保责任这一古老的制度,以发挥其维护交易安全以及保护买受人利益的独特价值和作用。国际货物贸易中买卖双方之间的权利、义务更为复杂,并且具有货物数量大、备货时间长、通关手续复杂、风险高等特点,出卖人的瑕疵履行会导致双方合同利益受到巨大影响。出卖人的瑕疵担保责任,分为物之瑕疵担保责任和权利瑕疵担保责任。本文以国际货物买卖中出卖人的两种瑕疵担保责任为研究对象,并在此基础上对我国《合同法》中有关出卖人瑕疵担保责任的规定提出相应的建议,以适应国际贸易发展的需要。全文共分为引言、正文、结语三大部分,其中正文包括以下五章内容：第一章主要介绍了瑕疵担保责任的一般理论,明确瑕疵担保责任的概念、分类、特征及起源,同时介绍和评价了瑕疵担保责任性质的两种学说,较为赞同债务不履行说。第二章主要介绍了瑕疵担保责任的归责原则,以及两大法系有关瑕疵担保责任的构成要件及免责要件,具体包括：物存在瑕疵,物的瑕疵在风险转移时尚存在、买受人不知标的物存在瑕疵且无重大过失,买受人须对标的物进行检查通知以及权利瑕疵担保中第三人提出权利要求等相关学说、立法例,尤其着重分析了各国对于瑕疵标准的认定。第三章是对出卖人瑕疵担保责任的法律效力研究,具体研究了法、德、英、美瑕疵担保责任的法律效力的学说、立法例。并对各国有关法律效力的规定进行比较分析,由此希望能以外国的先进立法经验为依据,进一步完善我国瑕疵担保责任制度以促使其保护消费者功能的充分发挥。第四章对《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》(CISG)有关瑕疵担保责任的构成要件及法律效力进行介绍和分析,《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》是两大法系融合的结果,注重贸易实践中产生的各种问题。本章分析了公约中的相关条文,吸取有助于我国《合同法》完善的理念,以使我国瑕疵担保责任的规定与国际标准接轨。第五章以我国《合同法》为研究对象,着重论述了我国的瑕疵担保责任,我国已拥有自己的瑕疵担保责任体系,总体上符合国际立法趋势,但在体系设置和个别规定上稍有欠缺。本章比照前文研究内容,找出我国合同法存在的不足,并在此基础上提出对应的建议。
[Abstract]:The liability for guarantee for defects originated from Roman law, which has played an important role in stabilizing the transaction relationship and maintaining the fairness of the transaction since the date of its emergence.With the progress of society and the development of technology, it is more and more difficult to foresee and identify the defects in commodity trading.In order to play its unique value and role of maintaining transaction security and protecting buyer's interests.In international trade in goods, the rights and obligations between buyers and sellers are more complicated, and they are characterized by large quantity of goods, long preparation time, complicated customs procedures, high risks, etc.The defective performance of the seller will greatly affect the interests of both parties.The seller's liability for warranty of defects is divided into the liability of warranty for defects and the liability for warranty of defects of rights.This paper takes the seller's liability for two kinds of defects in the international sale of goods as the object of study, and on this basis puts forward corresponding suggestions on the provisions of our country's contract Law concerning the seller's liability for the guarantee of defects.To meet the needs of the development of international trade.The full text is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion, in which the text includes the following five chapters:The first chapter mainly introduces the general theory of the defect guarantee liability, defines the concept, classification, characteristics and origin of the defect guarantee liability, and introduces and evaluates the two theories of the nature of the defect security liability, which agrees with the theory of non-performance of the obligation.The second chapter mainly introduces the imputation principle of the defect guarantee liability, as well as the constitution and exemption elements of the defect guarantee liability in the two legal systems, including: the existence of defects, the defects of things in the risk transfer fashion.The buyer does not know that the subject matter is defective and has no gross negligence, the buyer must carry on the inspection notice to the subject matter and the third party in the guarantee of the defect of rights to put forward the claim and so on related theories, legislation example,In particular, the analysis of the standards of defects in various countries.The third chapter is to study the legal effect of the seller's defect guarantee liability, and to study the legal effect of the legal effect of the legal effect of the legal effect of the legal liability of the defect guarantee liability of France, Germany, Britain and the United States.The author also makes a comparative analysis of the relevant provisions on the legal effect of various countries, and hopes that, based on the advanced legislative experience of foreign countries, the system of defective warranty liability in China will be further improved in order to promote the full play of its function of consumer protection.The fourth chapter introduces and analyzes the constitutive requirements and legal effects of the liability for defective security under the United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods (CISG). The United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods is the result of the fusion of the two legal systems.Pay attention to the various problems arising from the practice of trade.This chapter analyzes the relevant provisions of the Convention and draws on the ideas that will be helpful to the perfection of China's contract Law in order to make the provisions on the liability for warranty for defects in our country in line with international standards.The fifth chapter takes the contract law of our country as the research object, emphatically discusses the flaw guarantee liability of our country, our country already has its own flaw guarantee liability system, which generally accords with the international legislative trend.However, the system and individual provisions in the slightly deficient.According to the previous study, this chapter finds out the shortcomings of Chinese contract law, and puts forward corresponding suggestions on this basis.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.6

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