拒绝支付劳动报酬罪研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 19:57

本文选题：拒绝支付劳动报酬 + 犯罪主体　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：刑法修正案在去年新增了拒不支付劳动报酬罪,表明我国最高立法机关对欠薪问题的高度重视,希望通过刑法的规定充分来保护我国劳动者的合法权利。这样拒不支付劳动报酬的行为,就从经历了民法、行政法调整的阶段到现在的刑法调整的阶段。但是由于我国刑法条文对本罪的规定不够具体,例如没有规定犯罪主体的构成,犯罪数额的规定等等,导致在司法实践中适用的困难。国外一些国家关于本罪的规定都做了非常具体的规定。在我国作为一项新的罪名,需要借鉴国外的一些立法规定或者是我国刑法中关于其他罪名的规定,来具体规定一下犯罪构成要件中这几个要件的具体范围和条件。在主体方面“犯罪主体”应该包括劳动关系中的用人单位和劳务关系、承揽关系等法律关系中的所有用人单位,但是特殊情况下有的用人单位是不能成为此罪的犯罪主体的。客观方面“劳动报酬”、“数额较大”等,虽然其他部门法有相关的规定。刑法意义下的有关概念是不能等同于一般部门法的,其范围应该在其他部门法的规定下做出一些修正。本罪的“劳动报酬”应该包括工资、各种津贴和补助、奖金、经济补偿金等,其范围要比劳动合同法中的规定广泛。“数额较大”是行为人的行为构成犯罪的数量标准,具体多少数额能达到“较大”并构成犯罪,很显然新增罪名没有考虑到。在本罪中“数额较大”具有很重要的作用,它是作为区分罪与非罪的标准存在的,所以不能被忽视。具体该如何确定“数额较大”的标准可以参照刑法对其他罪名的规定,比如“盗窃罪”、“诈骗罪”等。行为人通过转移财产、逃匿等以及有能力支付而不支付的方法拒绝支付劳动者的劳动报酬,要求行为人构成本罪的主观故意是故意。具体行为人拖欠劳动者报酬的行为要持续多长时间才可以成立拒绝支付劳动报酬罪,这也是判断行为人主观意图的一个考虑。拖欠行为的持续时间能够影响本罪的构成。总之,本罪的犯罪主体、客观方面的表现需要“两高”进行具体化的解释制定出标准。
[Abstract]:The crime of refusing to pay labor remuneration was added in the amendment of Criminal Law last year, which indicates that the highest legislature of our country attaches great importance to the problem of unpaid wages, and hopes to protect the legitimate rights of Chinese workers through the provisions of the Criminal Law. In this way, the refusal to pay labor remuneration, from the civil law, administrative law adjustment stage to the present criminal law adjustment stage. However, the provisions of the criminal law in our country are not specific enough, such as the constitution of the subject of the crime, the amount of the crime, and so on, which leads to the difficulty of application in the judicial practice. Some foreign countries have made very specific provisions on this crime. As a new crime in our country, it is necessary to draw lessons from some foreign legislative provisions or other criminal law provisions to specify the specific scope and conditions of these elements in the constitutive elements of a crime. In the aspect of subject, the subject of crime should include the unit of choose and employ persons in the labor relations and the labor relations, and all the employing units in the legal relations such as the contract relationship, but under the special circumstances, some employing units cannot be the subject of the crime. Objective aspect "labor compensation", "the amount is big" and so on, although other branch law has the related stipulation. The relevant concepts in the sense of criminal law can not be equated with general branch law, and its scope should be amended under the provisions of other branch laws. This crime's "labor reward" should include wages, various allowances and subsidies, bonuses, economic compensation and so on, its scope is wider than the provisions of labor contract law. "large amount" is the quantitative standard of the perpetrator's behavior constituting a crime, and the specific amount can reach "larger" and constitute a crime. Obviously, the new crime has not been taken into account. "large amount" plays an important role in this crime. It exists as a standard to distinguish crime from non-crime, so it can not be ignored. How to determine the standard of "large amount" can refer to the provisions of other crimes in criminal law, such as "larceny", "fraud" and so on. The actor refuses to pay the laborer's labor reward by means of transfer of property, escape and hiding, and the method that has the ability to pay but does not pay, which requires the actor to constitute the subjective intention of this crime is intentional. It is also a consideration to judge the subjective intention of the doer to judge the subjective intention of the perpetrator for how long the behavior of defaulting on the remuneration of the laborer can be established as the crime of refusing to pay the remuneration of the laborer. The duration of delinquency can affect the constitution of the crime. In short, the criminal subject of this crime, the objective aspects of the performance of the need for the "two high" specific interpretation of the standards.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D924.3

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