海上保险合同解除问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 14:42

本文选题：海上保险合同 + 合同解除　；参考：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：海上保险合同的解除对当事人双方的利益有着巨大影响。我国《海商法》制定于《合同法》和《保险法》之前,而且对海上保险合同解除的规定仅有数条。合同法和保险法颁布后,在合同解除的后果方面,有部分法条对海商法有补充,还有些与海商法的规定不一致。所以,在理论界和实务中都产生了诸多争议。本文认为,产生争议的原因主要是现行法律对合同解除效力的规定不统一。即对合同解除是否有溯及力的规定不明确,这涉及解除前的合同关系是否有效；已经履行的部分是否需要返还；保险人是否应当负有赔付责任。这导致立法意图不明,各种互不相同的观点,似乎都可以找出支持自己观点的法律或理论依据。立法的不统一,法律规定的不明确,使得在理解一项规定时,必须从此项规定的理论解释、实务操作和双方当事人的利益平衡等方方面面,重新全面分析、论证。这将影响法律的明确性、公正性。目前对海上保险终止的研究,大多限于孤立的合同解除情形的分析,少有对海上保险解除效力的系统研究。本文意在分析海上保险合同解除的效力,明确各种海上保险合同解除情形的合同解除后果,为理论争论和实务争议,提供解决思路。本文在分析国际、国内关于保险解除的学说和立法后,提出应当明确规定海上保险合同解除是否有溯及力；分析了各种海上保险合同解除情形,并加以归类研究；对海上保险合同解除效力存在争议的法定解除情形,进行重点分析,并提出本文的看法；对海上保险合同解除的具体行使规则进行分析。另外,因时代变迁,《海商法》对海上保险解除的规定有部分与实务不相适应、与其他法律不相一致之处。本文分析了现行法律对于海上保险解除方面,对法律规定不详、冲突之处,并提出当事人应当注意的事项和处理方法。并对需要改进之处进行了具体分析,并提出了本文的看法。
[Abstract]:The dissolution of marine insurance contract has great influence on the interests of both parties. China's Maritime Law was formulated before the contract Law and the Insurance Law, and there are only a few provisions for the termination of marine insurance contracts. After the promulgation of contract law and insurance law, some articles of law supplement maritime law and some are inconsistent with the provisions of maritime law. Therefore, there are many controversies in theory and practice. This paper argues that the main reason for the dispute is that the current law is inconsistent with the provisions on the rescission of the contract. It is not clear whether there is retroactive effect on the rescission of the contract, which involves whether the contract relationship before the termination is effective; whether the part that has been fulfilled needs to be returned; and whether the insurer should bear the liability of indemnification. This leads to unclear legislative intent and various views seem to support their point of view legal or theoretical basis. The disunity of legislation and the unclear provisions of the law make it necessary to analyze and demonstrate comprehensively the theoretical interpretation, practical operation and the balance of interests of both parties in order to understand a stipulation. This will affect the clarity and fairness of the law. At present, the research on the termination of marine insurance is mostly limited to the analysis of isolated circumstances of termination of contract, and there is little systematic study on the effect of cancellation of marine insurance. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the validity of the rescission of marine insurance contracts, to clarify the consequences of rescission of various marine insurance contracts, and to provide ideas for theoretical and practical disputes. After analyzing the international and domestic theories and legislation on the rescission of insurance, this paper puts forward that the rescission of the marine insurance contract should be clearly defined as retroactive, and the circumstances of the rescission of the marine insurance contract are analyzed, and the circumstances of the rescission of the marine insurance contract are classified and studied. This paper mainly analyzes the legal rescission of marine insurance contract in dispute, and puts forward the views of this paper, and analyzes the specific rules of exercise of rescission of marine insurance contract. In addition, due to the change of the times, the maritime law does not fit in with the practice and is inconsistent with other laws. In this paper, the author analyzes the legal provisions of the current law on the discharge of marine insurance, and puts forward the matters that the parties concerned should pay attention to and the ways to deal with them. And the need for improvement of the specific analysis, and put forward the views of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.294;D922.284

【引证文献】