基于水排污许可证制度的违法经济处罚机制设计

发布时间：2018-02-15 21:11

本文关键词： 水污染防治水排污许可证处罚标准环境执法　出处：《环境污染与防治》2012年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：经济处罚机制是环境保护各项政策顺利实施的重要保障,是排污许可证制度的基本内容。现有水污染处罚机制缺少详细的处罚原则和裁量依据,处罚标准的计算方法不明确,缺乏可执行性;经济处罚力度较小,违法成本偏低;没以罚没排污单位违法收益为基本原则;绝对静态的处罚模式没有考虑违法行为的持续性,对排污单位威慑性不强。建议以有效威慑违法行为、抑制违法动机为根本目标,以罚没违法收益为基本原则,考虑违法持续时间和执法成本,设计"倍率加动态非绝对上限"的经济处罚标准,实施递进的处罚机制,并建立处罚机制的评估和调整机制。
[Abstract]:The economic punishment mechanism is an important guarantee for the smooth implementation of environmental protection policies and the basic content of the sewage permit system. The existing water pollution punishment mechanism lacks the detailed punishment principle and discretion basis, and the calculation method of the penalty standard is not clear. Lack of enforceability; economic punishment is relatively small, illegal costs are low; the basic principle is not to confiscate the illegal proceeds of sewage units; the absolute static punishment model does not take into account the persistence of illegal acts, It is suggested that effective deterrence of illegal acts and suppression of illegal motives should be taken as the fundamental goal, and the penalty and confiscation of illegal proceeds as the basic principle, and the duration of the violation and the cost of enforcing the law should be considered. The economic penalty standard of "multiplier plus dynamic non-absolute upper limit" is designed, the progressive punishment mechanism is implemented, and the evaluation and adjustment mechanism of punishment mechanism is established.
【作者单位】：河北大学经济学院;中国人民大学环境政策与环境规划研究所;
【基金】：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(No.2008ZX07633-04)
【分类号】：D922.1;D922.6

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