石羊河流域节约用水法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 08:52

本文选题：石羊河流域　切入点：节约用水　出处：《兰州大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 石羊河流域是河西走廊三大内陆河之一,由此形成的绿洲是防止北部巴丹吉林和腾格里两大沙漠汇合、拱卫河西走廊东部的重要生态区。该流域内年均降水量不到蒸发量的十分之一,只能依靠石羊河水维系该流域的生存和发展,是个先天性的缺水地区。要平衡水资源的供需、切实保护生态环境、实现经济社会的可持续发展、使人民安居乐业,开源和节流都是重要的途径,在节水型社会的语境下,节约用水是实现这一目标的最有效手段。本文探讨了石羊河流域节水法律制度的应有之义,指正了节水立法、体制、执法、守法中存在的一些误区,在此基础上,提出了具体的促进石羊河流域节约用水的法律对策。前言部分,对石羊河流域的地理位置、气候、河流水系、行政区划和经济状况作了简要的介绍,并说明了本文写作的意义和目的。正文共分三个部分: 第一部分为石羊河流域水资源现状分析。本部分分别从流域的定义及属性,水资源的概念及内涵,世界和中国的水资源现状,石羊河流域的供水现状、用水现状、需水现状和节水现状四个方面进行阐述和分析。第二部分为石羊河流域节约用水方面存在的主要法律问题的分析。本部分分别从流域节约用水立法、石羊河流域节水体制、石羊河流域节水执法、石羊河流域节水守法五个方面进行分析,在此基础上指出石羊河流域节约用水方面存在的主要法律问题。第三部分为提出促进石羊河流域节约用水的法律对策。具体包括:一,完善立法:健全石羊河流域节水法律制度体系,节水立法过程中,提高公众的参与度。二、健全体制:地域管理与流域管理分工协作、相互配合;严格区分流域管理委员会和流域管理机构的职能;授予节水部门更多必要的权力。三、加强执法:政府协调,统一管理;完善取水许可制度并加强监督;合理确定行业用水定额;政府调控,市场运作,实现用水和谐。四、增进公民守法意识:加大宣传力度;从道德教育入手,培养以节水为荣的高尚的道德情操;充分发挥水价作用给守法者以外在约束力。
[Abstract]:Shiyang River Basin is one of the three major inland rivers in the Hexi Corridor. The resulting oasis is an important ecological area to prevent the confluence of the desert of Badain Jilin and Tenggri in the north and the eastern part of the Gongwei River Corridor.The average annual precipitation in this basin is less than 1/10 of the evaporation amount, which can only depend on the water of Shiyang River to maintain the survival and development of the basin. It is a congenital water shortage area.To balance the supply and demand of water resources, to protect the ecological environment, to achieve sustainable economic and social development, to make people live and work in peace and contentment, to open up resources and cut expenditure are all important ways, and in the context of a water-saving society,Water conservation is the most effective means to achieve this goal.This paper probes into the proper meaning of water saving legal system in Shiyang River basin, points out some misunderstandings existing in water saving legislation, system, law enforcement and law-abiding. On this basis, it puts forward some specific legal countermeasures to promote water saving in Shiyang River basin.In the preface, the geographical location, climate, river system, administrative division and economic situation of Shiyang River Basin are briefly introduced, and the significance and purpose of this paper are explained.The text is divided into three parts:The first part is the analysis of the current situation of water resources in Shiyang River Basin.In this part, the definition and attribute of watershed, the concept and connotation of water resources, the present situation of water resources in the world and China, the present situation of water supply, the current situation of water use, the current situation of water demand and the present situation of water saving in Shiyang River Basin are expounded and analyzed respectively.The second part is the analysis of the main legal problems in water conservation in Shiyang River Basin.This part analyzes water saving legislation, water saving system in Shiyang River basin, water saving law enforcement in Shiyang river basin, water saving and abiding by law in Shiyang River basin.On this basis, the main legal problems in water conservation in Shiyang River Basin are pointed out.The third part is to put forward the legal countermeasures to promote water conservation in Shiyang River Basin.The main contents are as follows: first, perfect legislation: perfect the legal system of water saving in Shiyang River Basin, and improve the public participation in the process of water saving legislation.Second, perfect the system: the division of labor and cooperation between regional management and watershed management; strictly distinguish the functions of watershed management committee and watershed management agency; and grant more necessary powers to water saving departments.Third, strengthen the law enforcement: the government coordinates, unifies the management; consummates the water intake permission system and strengthens the supervision; reasonably determines the profession water use quota; the government controls, the market operation, realizes the water use harmony.Fourth, enhance citizens' consciousness of abiding by the law: strengthen propaganda; start with moral education, cultivate noble moral sentiment which is proud of saving water; give full play to the role of water price to the law-abiding in binding force.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.66

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