环境侵权责任中惩罚性赔偿制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 05:39

本文选题：环境侵权　切入点：惩罚性赔偿　出处：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国经济保持了平稳较快发展,但是,由于经济发展方式粗放,由此引发的环境问题也日益严重。环境侵权严重损害了公民的人身权、财产权和环境权,影响到公民的生产、日常生活甚至威胁人们的生存,环境问题已经成为重大的民生问题。环境是经济发展的基础要素,良好的环境是先进持久的生产力,是一种稀缺资源。因此,必须通过制度化建设来改变以牺牲环境和浪费资源为代价的经济增长方式,实现对公民合法权益的全面保护。本文从环境法律责任角度出发,建议在环境恶意侵权的民事损害赔偿中确立惩罚性赔偿的原则,将惩罚性赔偿制度引入环境侵权责任中,以达到惩罚和制裁环境侵权行为,全面保护受害人权益,维护环境正义和社会和谐稳定的目的。论文内容主要分为四章。第一章内容是环境法律责任的概述,通过对环境问题和环境法律责任体系的概述得出现存环境法律责任体系无法解决环境保护中面临的新情况和新问题,进而提出将惩罚性赔偿制度引入环境侵权责任中的建议。第二章内容是惩罚性赔偿制度的概述,主要阐述了惩罚性赔偿制度的相关理论,包括惩罚性赔偿制度的历史发展及未来,惩罚性赔偿的概念、性质、特点、功能和我国惩罚性赔偿的立法研究三部分内容。第三章对环境侵权责任引入惩罚性赔偿制度的正当性进行了具体分析,包括法理论证和法经济学分析两方面。法理论证主要阐述了环境侵权责任引入惩罚性赔偿制度的法学理论基础。法经济学分析主要分析了环境侵权责任中引入惩罚性赔偿责任的经济学基础。最后一部分对质疑环境侵权责任引入惩罚性赔偿制度的观点进行了评析。第四章是环境侵权责任中惩罚性赔偿的制度构建,主要从适用条件,起诉主体和责任主体,惩罚性赔偿金额的确定和抗辩事由四方面进行论述,以实现惩罚性赔偿在环境侵权责任中的制度化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's economy has maintained a steady and rapid development, but due to extensive economic development, the resulting environmental problems are becoming increasingly serious.Environmental tort has seriously damaged the personal rights, property rights and environmental rights of citizens, affected the production of citizens, daily life and even threatened the survival of people, environmental issues have become a major livelihood issues.Environment is the basic element of economic development, good environment is advanced and lasting productivity, and it is a scarce resource.Therefore, it is necessary to change the mode of economic growth at the cost of sacrificing environment and wasting resources through institutionalization, and realize the overall protection of citizens' legitimate rights and interests.From the point of view of environmental legal liability, this paper proposes to establish the principle of punitive damages in the civil damages of environmental malice infringement, and to introduce the punitive damages system into environmental tort liability in order to punish and punish environmental tort acts.Fully protect the rights and interests of victims, safeguard environmental justice and social harmony and stability.The paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter is an overview of environmental legal liability. Through the overview of environmental issues and environmental legal liability system, it is concluded that the existing environmental legal liability system can not solve the new situation and new problems in environmental protection.Then it puts forward the suggestion of introducing punitive damages system into environmental tort liability.The second chapter is an overview of the punitive damages system, mainly expounds the relevant theories of punitive damages system, including the historical development and future of punitive damages system, the concept, nature and characteristics of punitive damages.Function and the legislative research of punitive damages in China.The third chapter makes a concrete analysis of the legitimacy of the introduction of punitive damages to environmental tort liability, including legal argument and legal and economic analysis.Legal argument mainly expounds the legal theory foundation of introducing punitive damages into environmental tort liability.The analysis of law and economics mainly analyzes the economic basis of introducing punitive liability into environmental tort liability.In the last part, the author analyzes the point of view of the introduction of punitive damages to environmental tort liability.The fourth chapter is the system construction of punitive damages in environmental tort liability, mainly from four aspects: the applicable conditions, the subject of prosecution and the subject of liability, the determination of the amount of punitive damages and the reasons of defense.In order to realize the system of punitive damages in environmental tort liability.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.68;D923

【参考文献】