我国环境侵权私力救济的法律研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 18:56

本文选题：环境权　切入点：环境侵权　出处：《贵州大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 众所周知,随着工业经济的日益发达,环境问题逐渐突显,环境侵权作为一类特殊的侵权关系也与传统的民事侵权区别开来,具备自己的特性。中国正处于经济高速发展阶段,但在经济快速增长的同时,我们也正面临着日益严重的环境污染和环境侵权问题。当发生了环境侵权问题时,如何对受害方提供有效的救济,就成为了我们不得不面对的问题。在这个方面,我们有许多东西可以借鉴国外的一些先进做法。对于中国目前来说,环境侵权的私力救济尤有借鉴意义,这更有利于对环境污染普通受害者的保护。本文一共分为前言、正文和结语三部分,其中正文部分又分三章对我国环境侵权私力救济的法律问题进行了论述。正文的第一章,论述了我国环境侵权私力救济的现状。在此部分,先解释环境权的概念,紧接着对环境侵权私力救济也加以定义。然后分别从以非程序性方式解决环境纠纷等五方面对环境侵权私力救济的特征进行了阐述。在明确了环境侵权私力救济的概念和特征基础上,分析了我国环境侵权私力救济的现状和种类。目前我国环境侵权私力救济分为规范的环境侵权私力救济(法律明确规定的私力救济)、失范的环境侵权私力救济(违法救济)、准规范的环境侵权私力救济(法律无明确规定而以民间非正式规范为依据的救济)三类。正文的第二章,主要是对我国环境侵权私力救济进行理论分析。在第一节中,是从合理性方面加以分析。首先,我国私力救济的观念根深蒂固。中国从古到今,在传统上信奉的是“厌诉主义”,人们普遍通过私力救济解决纠纷,实现权利。在遇到环境侵权方面也是如此。然后,笔者主要从正义、效率、秩序这三方面来分析环境侵权私力救济存在的价值。在第二节中,则是从环境侵权私力救济的法理基础上加以论述。设立权利的目的是为了使之受到保护,保护是权利的应有之意。环境权是随着社会文明的进步和对人的尊严和自由的日益重视,权利的种类和内容不断地得以扩充和完善而进入文明体系的,无论是从法律对人权的保护角度还是从环境权的法律属性的角度来讲,对环境权的法律救济是具有可行性与可能性的。在法治社会,禁止权利滥用原则是对环境侵权私力救济的法理肯定。正文的第三章,主要论述了我国环境侵权私力救济的法律规制和疏导问题。在现行社会条件下,环境侵权私力救济的存在有其合理性和必然性,所以我们应当正视它的存在,但任何事情都有其两面性,我们只有把环境侵权私力救济应放在法律轨道上进行运作,才能使其扬长避短,体现其内在价值。那么,怎样才能将狂放不羁的环境侵权私力救济纳入法制轨道呢?文章从理论上,对法律上规定环境侵权私力救济必须遵循一定“度”的要求进行了论述。环境侵权私力救济源于现行法制体系的不足,所以只有对现行法制体系进行完善才是“堵漏”之举。我国应从立法、执法方面一起入手,进行一系列的改革,将环境冲突解决在“萌芽状态”,杜绝私力救济行为的发生,这才是疏导环境侵权私力救济的根本举措。
[Abstract]:As everyone knows, with the industrial economy, environmental problems become more prominent, as a special kind of environmental tort tort and traditional tort distinction, have their own characteristics. China is at the stage of rapid economic development, but in the rapid economic growth at the same time, we are also facing the problem of environmental pollution and environmental tort more and more serious. When the environmental tort problem, how to provide effective relief to the injured party, has become a problem we have to face. In this respect, we have some advanced practices of many things we can learn from foreign China. For now, the private remedy for environment tort is especially significative, which is more conducive to the protection of the environment pollution of ordinary victims.
This article is divided into three parts: the preface, the text and the conclusion, and the main body part is divided into three chapters to discuss the legal problems of the private relief of environmental tort in China.
The first chapter discusses the status quo of China's environmental tort relief by private power. In this part, the concept of the first interpretation of environmental right, followed by private remedy of environmental tort should be defined. Then the characteristics respectively from the non procedural way to solve environmental disputes in five aspects of private relief to the environment right infringement is discussed in the basic concept and characteristics of the private relief to the environment right infringement on the status and types of analysis of China's environmental tort relief by private power. At present, China's environmental tort relief in order to regulate the private remedy of environmental tort private (private relief legal), the anomie of environmental infringement of private power the relief (illegal relief), relief standards of environmental tort (private law makes no provision for the informal norms relief) three.
The second chapter is mainly on China's environmental tort private relief were analyzed. In the first section, is analyzed from the aspects of rationality. Firstly, the concept of ingrained my private relief. Chinese since ancient times, the traditional belief is "tired of complaints", it is generally through private relief to solve the dispute, the realization of rights. So it is in the face of environmental tort. Then, the author mainly from the justice, efficiency and order of these three aspects of environmental infringement of private relief existence value. In the second section, it is the legal basis of environmental tort relief from private power on paper. The aim is to make the right of establishment the protected rights protection is the proper meaning. Environmental right is with the increasing emphasis on the progress of social civilization and human dignity and freedom, type and content of rights continue to be expanded and improved into civilization In terms of the protection of human rights or the legal nature of environmental rights, the system's legal remedy for environmental rights is feasible and feasible. In a society ruled by law, the principle of prohibition of abuse of rights is a legal affirmation of private remedy for environmental tort.
The third chapter mainly discusses the legal regulation of environmental tort in China private relief and grooming problems. In the current social conditions, the private relief of the environmental tort has its rationality and necessity, so we should pay attention to it, but everything has its two sides, we can only send relief environmental tort law should be put in the private rail operation, in order to make it should reflect its intrinsic value. So, how will the uninhibited private relief to the environment right infringement law? This article theoretically, the legal provisions of private relief to the environment right infringement must follow certain degree requirements the lack of environmental tort. The private relief from the existing legal system, only to the existing legal system is the "plugging" move. China should improve the legislation, law enforcement aspects of conduct A series of reforms will solve environmental conflicts in the bud state and eliminate the occurrence of private relief actions, which is the fundamental measure to relieve environmental tort private relief.

【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68;D923

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