诉讼视角下环境损害鉴定评估机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 01:30

本文选题：环境损害 + 司法鉴定　；参考：《贵州师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来我国环境形势严峻,各类环境污染和生态破坏频发,严重侵害了被害人和整个社会公众的合法权益。司法是保护环境和生态的重要手段,在实务中环境侵权案件面临着举证难、定损难、责任认定难等困难,建立科学、合理的环境损害鉴定评估法律制度是保障环境侵权审判顺利进行的关键。我国的环境损害鉴定评估还不完善,如缺乏专门的鉴定评估法律法规、鉴定评估的技术标准体系科学性不足等等,在审判中对鉴定评估意见缺少有效的质证和认证、鉴定人不出庭,使环境损害鉴定评估不能发挥其在诉讼活动中的作用。围绕环境损害鉴定评估而存在的问题,通过借鉴国外相关立法,从如何做好环境损害鉴定评估和如何用好环境损害鉴定意见出发,提出以下几个方面的措施,来完善我国的环境损害鉴定评估制度:一是出台统一的环境损害鉴定评估法律法规,明确环境损害鉴定评估的范围和相关技术标准,完善环境损害鉴定评估的启动程序;二是加强对环境损害鉴定评估机构的管理,增强鉴定评估水平;三是加强对鉴定意见的质证和认证,完善鉴定人出庭的规定,发挥好专家辅助人在鉴定意见质证方面的作用。通过做好与用好环境损害鉴定评估来发挥其在环境案件审判中确定污染物的性质、生态环境遭受损害的范围和程度、评定因果关系、制定修复方案等方面的作用,推进环境诉讼深入开展,提高环境审判的质量。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the environmental situation of our country is grim, all kinds of environmental pollution and ecological destruction occur frequently, which seriously infringes the legitimate rights and interests of the victims and the whole public.Judicature is an important means to protect the environment and ecology. In practice, environmental tort cases are faced with the difficulties of proof, damage determination, responsibility determination, and so on.A reasonable legal system of environmental damage appraisal and evaluation is the key to ensure the smooth proceeding of environmental tort trial.The assessment of environmental damage in our country is not perfect, such as the lack of special appraisal laws and regulations, the lack of scientific system of technical standards for appraisal and so on, and the lack of effective cross-examination and certification of appraisal opinions in the trial.The failure of the appraiser to appear in court prevents the assessment of environmental damage from playing its role in litigation.Based on the problems existing in the assessment of environmental damage, and by referring to the relevant legislation of foreign countries, this paper puts forward the following measures in terms of how to do the assessment of environmental damage assessment and how to make good use of the opinions of environmental damage appraisal.To improve the environmental damage assessment system in China: first, the introduction of unified environmental damage assessment laws and regulations, clear environmental damage assessment of the scope and relevant technical standards, improve the environmental damage assessment of the start-up process;The second is to strengthen the management of environmental damage assessment institutions and enhance the evaluation level, and third, to strengthen the cross-examination and certification of appraisal opinions, improve the provisions on the appearance of experts in court, and give play to the role of expert assistants in the identification and cross-examination of opinions.By doing and making good use of the assessment of environmental damage, it can play its role in determining the nature of pollutants, the scope and extent of the damage to the ecological environment, assessing causality, and formulating remediation schemes in environmental cases.To promote the development of environmental litigation, improve the quality of environmental justice.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

【参考文献】