生态文明建设的立法理念选择

发布时间：2018-04-19 02:15

本文选题：生态文明 + 立法理念　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类科学技术的进步一方面促进了社会生产力的发展,创造了丰富的物质财富；另一方面也导致了全球性环境问题诸如大气污染、水污染、滥砍滥伐、土地荒漠化、能源短缺、生物多样性减少等的出现。这些已经威胁到人类的生存和发展。生态危机作为人与自然关系矛盾冲突的结果给陶醉于工业文明辉煌成就的人们敲响了警钟。于是,可持续发展观的提出为人类的发展指明了战略方向,而生态文明的产生则成为可持续发展的社会范式。建设生态文明是一项复杂的社会系统工程。在其建设过程中,法律作为由国家强制力保证实施的行为规范,是促进和保障生态文明建设顺利进行的有力手段；将生态文明理念贯穿于生态立法实践之中,以法制为支撑来实现生态文明的健康有序发展,是生态文明建设的内在要求。任何一项法律的创制都必然受制于一定的立法理念,它体现了法律的价值取向并明确了法律所要实现的目标,是法律得以贯彻执行的坐标。生态立法理念集中反映出立法者对生态环境的认识,是与生态文明思想联系最紧密的领域之一。生态立法理念的选择对于生态法制建设有着不可忽视的导向作用。当下的生态立法理念中存在着“人类中心主义”和“非人类中心主义”两类并立的思潮：前者是人类针对自身在宇宙中的地位而逐渐产生的以自我为中心的观点,应当肯定其合理性,但也要认识到其作为生态立法理念的不足；后者是在对前者反思、批判的基础上生成的新的生态伦理形态,为人们解决当前面临的生态环境问题及行为提供了许多富有创造性的观念,而其潜在的哲学困境也导致了它作为生态立法理念的局限。文章在对上述观点进行比较分析的基础上提出：科学的生态立法理念既要承认人类自我利益,肯定人类追求发展的合理性,也要充分尊重自然的权利和价值,努力实现人与自然的和谐共生——二者的有机整合,形成了“生态人类中心主义”。它体现了辩证唯物主义两点论和重点论的统一,体现了超越与不可超越的矛盾辩证法。以此指导生态立法实践将更具合理性和可行性。循环经济促进法的制定、颁布较好地体现了这一理念。
[Abstract]:The progress of human science and technology has, on the one hand, promoted the development of social productivity and created rich material wealth; on the other hand, it has also led to global environmental problems such as air pollution, water pollution, deforestation, desertification of land and energy shortages.A decrease in biodiversity, etc.These have threatened the survival and development of mankind.The ecological crisis, as the result of the contradiction between man and nature, has sounded the alarm bell for the people who are intoxicated with the brilliant achievements of industrial civilization.Therefore, the concept of sustainable development has pointed out the strategic direction for human development, and the emergence of ecological civilization has become the social paradigm of sustainable development.The construction of ecological civilization is a complex social system engineering.In the process of its construction, the law, as the code of conduct guaranteed by the national coercive force, is a powerful means to promote and guarantee the construction of ecological civilization, and the concept of ecological civilization runs through the practice of ecological legislation.Taking legal system as the support to realize the healthy and orderly development of ecological civilization is the inherent requirement of the construction of ecological civilization.The creation of any law is bound to be subject to a certain legislative idea, which embodies the value orientation of the law and clarifies the goal to be realized by the law, and is the coordinate of the implementation of the law.The concept of ecological legislation reflects the legislators' understanding of ecological environment and is one of the most closely related fields with the thought of ecological civilization.The choice of the idea of ecological legislation plays an important role in the construction of ecological legal system.In the current concept of ecological legislation, there are two kinds of ideological trends: "anthropocentrism" and "non-anthropocentrism": the former is a self-centered view which is gradually produced by human beings in view of their position in the universe.We should affirm its rationality, but also recognize its deficiency as the concept of ecological legislation, which is a new ecological ethics form based on the reflection and criticism of the former.It provides a lot of creative ideas for people to solve the current ecological environmental problems and behaviors, and its potential philosophical dilemma also leads to its limitations as an ecological legislation concept.On the basis of comparative analysis of the above views, the paper puts forward that scientific ecological legislation should not only recognize human self-interest, affirm the rationality of human's pursuit of development, but also fully respect the rights and values of nature.To realize the harmonious symbiosis between man and nature-the organic integration of the two forms "ecological anthropocentrism".It embodies the unity of two points of dialectical materialism and emphases, and the contradiction dialectics of transcendence and intranscendence.To guide the practice of ecological legislation will be more reasonable and feasible.The formulation of the circular economy promotion law, promulgates the good embodiment this one idea.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68

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