市场机制促进能源节约的法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 01:05

本文选题：市场机制 + 节能　；参考：《西南政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：能源与人类社会的发展是息息相关的,能源问题事关国计民生,同时,能源问题对国际政治的影响也日渐紧密。随着我国经济规模进一步扩大,能源需求持续较快增长。面对当前我国能源紧缺、能源供求矛盾突出及其造成的环境污染严重等现状,节能成为我国实现现代化的必然选择,也是实现经济、社会与环境可持续发展的必要要求。我国实行的以政府为主的节能推动模式无法充分调动市场的积极性,把节能作为企业责任的附加,无法产生企业节能的内生认同。而市场机制在降低成本、提高行政效率和减少政府补贴等方面,都具有行政手段无法取代的明显优点。市场作为能源领域资源配置的主体,通过竞争机制、激励机制等,促使企业和个人节约能源、合理利用能源、努力提高能源利用效率。因此,必须通过法律和制度设计,充分发挥市场机制的作用,培育和建立节能市场。本文以环境法理论为基础,通过法学、经济学等多学科手段的运用,采取历史考察、比较分析、数据统计法和归纳总结分析相结合的方法,对通过市场机制促进节能法律制度的相关基本理论和制度构建进行了论述。尝试在厘定节能与节能法律制度的内涵的基础上,讨论了将市场机制引入节能法律制度中,并分析了其理论基础,对能源外部性理论进行反思,以期进一步丰富环境法学相关理论,尝试进行理论创新。同时,论文在分析了我国现有能源政策和能源立法在利用市场机制促进节能法律制度的发展的现状后,探讨构建能源价格改革、健全财政激励措施,重点培育节能服务市场等在内的法律制度,以期完善我国的通过市场机制促进节能的法律制度,尝试进行制度创新。全文共分为四个部分,以下就各部分的主要内容进行简要介绍。第一部分,首先分析了我国能源利用面临的严峻挑战,接着从节能、节能法律制度以及市场机制的概念入手,介绍了节能法律制度运用市场机制的理论基础,并指出以政府为主导的节能责任模式存在的不足,为下文的论述和分析打下基础。第二部分,在分析我国通过市场机制促进节能的法律制度的现状基础上,指出了我国通过市场机制促进能源节约的法律制度存在的问题,主要表现在过分依赖于行政手段、能源价格没有合理体现能源稀缺度以及节能服务市场不完善等方面。第三部分,主要是考察了市场经济比较发达的美国、欧盟和日本等国家和地区,通过考察各国在通过市场机制促进能源节约的法律制度方面的先进立法、制度和理念,以期对我国的制度建设提供参考和借鉴。第四部分,对我国通过市场机制促进能源节约的法律制度的建设进行了探讨。从能源价格改革,相关法律法规的完善,健全财政激励措施,重点培育和发展我国的节能服务市场等几个方面提出了完善建议。
[Abstract]:Energy is closely related to the development of human society, energy issues are related to the national economy and people's livelihood, at the same time, the impact of energy issues on international politics is increasingly close. With the further expansion of China's economic scale, energy demand continues to grow rapidly. Facing the current situation of energy shortage, the contradiction between energy supply and demand and the serious environmental pollution caused by energy supply and demand, energy conservation has become an inevitable choice for our country to realize modernization, and is also the necessary requirement to realize the sustainable development of economy, society and environment. The government-oriented energy conservation promotion model in our country can not fully arouse the enthusiasm of the market, regard energy conservation as the addition of enterprise responsibility, and can not produce the endogenous identification of enterprise energy conservation. The market mechanism has obvious advantages which can not be replaced by administrative means in aspects of reducing costs, improving administrative efficiency and reducing government subsidies. As the main body of resource allocation in energy field, market promotes enterprises and individuals to save energy, make rational use of energy and improve the efficiency of energy utilization by means of competitive mechanism and incentive mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary to give full play to the role of market mechanism and cultivate and establish energy saving market through legal and institutional design. Based on the theory of environmental law, this paper adopts the methods of historical investigation, comparative analysis, data statistics and summary analysis through the application of law, economics and other multidisciplinary means. This paper discusses the basic theory and system construction of promoting energy conservation legal system through market mechanism. On the basis of defining the connotation of energy conservation and energy conservation legal system, this paper discusses the introduction of market mechanism into energy conservation legal system, analyzes its theoretical basis, and reflects on the theory of energy externality. In order to further enrich the relevant theories of environmental law, try to carry out theoretical innovation. At the same time, after analyzing the current situation of energy policy and energy legislation in our country, the paper discusses the construction of energy price reform and the improvement of financial incentive measures after using the market mechanism to promote the development of energy conservation legal system. In order to perfect our country's legal system of promoting energy conservation through market mechanism, we try to carry out system innovation. The full text is divided into four parts, and the main contents of each part are briefly introduced below. In the first part, the author first analyzes the severe challenges of energy utilization in China, and then introduces the theoretical basis of the application of market mechanism in the legal system of energy conservation, starting with the concepts of energy conservation, energy conservation legal system and market mechanism. It also points out the shortcomings of the government-led mode of energy-saving responsibility, which lays the foundation for the following discussion and analysis. The second part, on the basis of analyzing the current situation of our country's legal system of promoting energy conservation through the market mechanism, points out the problems existing in the legal system of promoting energy conservation through the market mechanism, which is mainly manifested in the over-reliance on administrative means. Energy price does not reflect the degree of energy scarcity and energy-saving service market is not perfect and so on. The third part mainly examines the advanced legislation, systems and concepts of countries and regions such as the United States, the European Union and Japan, where the market economy is relatively developed, and the legal systems of various countries in promoting energy conservation through market mechanisms. In order to provide reference and reference to the system construction of our country. The fourth part discusses the construction of legal system of energy conservation through market mechanism. Some suggestions are put forward from the aspects of energy price reform, the perfection of relevant laws and regulations, the improvement of financial incentives, and the emphasis on cultivating and developing the energy-saving service market in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.67;F206

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