GMS生物多样性保护走廊的法律机制构建研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 13:16

本文选题：GMS + 生物多样性保护　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：大湄公河次区域(Greater Mekong Sub-region,简称GMS)经济合作是由亚洲开发银行牵头,缅甸、柬埔寨、越南、老挝、泰国和中国等澜沧江-湄公河沿岸六国共同参与的一个次区域经济合作机制。它的宗旨是通过加强次区域国家的联系,提高次区域的竞争力,实现次区域的一体化,推动本地区经济和社会发展。正如《中国参与大湄公河次区域合作国家报告》(2005年)中所称的：“加强GMS内各国间的合作有利于发挥各自优势,改善投资环境,提高整体发展能力,使之成为亚太地区新的增长极。” 大湄公河流域资源丰富,如何合理的开发利用和保护资源是流域各成员国高度关注的问题。GMS经济合作涉及能源、交通、农业、电信、旅游等多个领域,实践中取得了一系列积极成果。但是,在对大湄公河流域资源进行开发利用的同时,环境保护的重要性越来越得到各成员国的认同,大量环境合作项目在大湄公河六国得到开展。除了各国环境保护的主管部门以外,有关国际组织,如亚洲开发银行、世界自然基金会、世界自然保护联盟等对环境保护及其合作提供了资金和技术方面的大量援助。 GMS生物多样性保护走廊项目于2005年在GMS环境部长会议及领导人会议上得到审议批准,如今已经步入项目的第二阶段。从走廊项目在各成员国的发展现状来看,规划的走廊带已在各国建立,各种具体的生物多样性保护项目也不同程度的得到了开展,各成员国在扶贫、土地利用和土地管理、恢复和维持生态系统联系性、能力建设、信息交流、可持续融资等方面取得了许多进展。但是,按照走廊项目的预期,2009-2011年即项目的第二阶段需要扩大建设规划,在重点地区建立更多的走廊,要达到这一项目预期,现实中还存在着一些阻碍。现有的对澜沧江-湄公河区域合作的研究主要集中于流域资源开发、经济合作领域、国际关系、环境安全等,本文主要从法律的角度出发,探讨GMS生物多样性保护走廊项目的法律机制构建。文中分为四个部分,第一部分是概述,对大湄公河次区域合作、生物多样性保护走廊的概念以及GMS生物多样性保护走廊项目进行概述,并对“机制”、“法律机制”的概念进行了梳理,界定了GMS生物多样性保护走廊法律机制的概念；第二部分是大湄公河次区域生物多样性保护走廊法律机制的现状,包括GMS走廊项目的开展、立法和执法现状；第三部分是大湄公河次区域生物多样性保护走廊法律机制存在的问题,主要从法律体系和执法机构两方面进行论述；第四部分是对法律机制的完善,根据上述存在的不足提出系统的完善建议,如签订有关协定,协调整合各国环境立法等。
[Abstract]:The Greater Mekong Sub-region is a subregional economic cooperation mechanism led by the Asian Development Bank, with the participation of six Lancang-Mekong riparian countries, including Myanmar, Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and China. Its aim is to promote the economic and social development of the region by strengthening the ties between the countries of the subregion, enhancing the competitiveness of the sub-region, realizing the integration of the sub-region, and promoting the economic and social development of the region. As stated in the National report on China's participation in the Greater Mekong Subregion Cooperation (2005): "strengthening cooperation among countries within the GMS is conducive to giving full play to their respective advantages, improving the investment environment and enhancing the overall development capacity," Make it a new growth pole in the Asia-Pacific region. " The Greater Mekong River Basin is rich in resources. How to develop, utilize and protect resources rationally is a highly concerned issue for all member states of the basin. GMS economic cooperation involves many fields, such as energy, transportation, agriculture, telecommunications, tourism, and so on. A series of positive results have been achieved in practice. However, while exploiting and utilizing the resources of the Greater Mekong Basin, the importance of environmental protection has been more and more recognized by the member countries, and a large number of environmental cooperation projects have been carried out in the six countries of the Greater Mekong River. In addition to national environmental protection authorities, relevant international organizations, such as the Asian Development Bank, the World Fund for Nature and the World Union for Conservation of Nature, have provided substantial financial and technical assistance to environmental protection and its cooperation. The GMS Biodiversity Conservation Corridor project, which was considered and approved at the GMS Environment Ministers' meeting and leaders' meeting in 2005, is now in the second phase of the project. From the point of view of the development of corridor projects in member countries, the planned corridor zones have been established in various countries, various specific biodiversity conservation projects have been carried out to varying degrees, and member States have been working on poverty alleviation, land use and land management, Much progress has been made in restoring and maintaining ecosystem connectivity, capacity-building, information exchange, and sustainable financing. However, in line with the corridor project's expectations, which is the second phase of the project in 2009-2011, there are still some obstacles to the expansion of construction planning and the establishment of more corridors in key areas to meet the project's expectations. The existing studies on Lancang-Mekong River regional cooperation are mainly focused on the exploitation of basin resources, economic cooperation, international relations, environmental security, etc. To discuss the legal mechanism construction of GMS biodiversity conservation corridor project. The first part is an overview of the Greater Mekong Subregion Cooperation, the concept of the Biodiversity Conservation Corridor and the GMS Biodiversity Conservation Corridor Project, and the "mechanisms". The concept of "legal mechanism" is combed, and the concept of legal mechanism of GMS biodiversity protection corridor is defined. The second part is the status of legal mechanism of the Greater Mekong Subregion Biodiversity Protection Corridor, including the development of the GMS Corridor Project. The third part is the problems existing in the legal mechanism of the Greater Mekong Subregion Biodiversity Protection Corridor, which mainly discusses the legal system and the law enforcement agencies. The fourth part is the perfection of the legal mechanism. According to the shortcomings above, some suggestions are put forward, such as signing relevant agreements, coordinating and integrating national environmental legislation and so on.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68

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