跨国公司在华环境侵权的法律规制

发布时间：2018-05-05 02:04

本文选题：跨国公司 + 环境侵权　；参考：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：跨国公司作为经济与社会高度发展所孕育出来的产物,在推动经济发展和社会进步方面起到了重要的作用。经济全球化过程中,中国在引进外资方面取得了巨大的成就,大量跨国公司涌入中国,促进了中国经济的发展,并加快了中国经济融入世界经济一体化的进程,但同时也带来了一系列的社会问题,其中较为明显的就是跨国公司在华的环境侵权行为,对我国环境造成的巨大影响。不只是我国,放眼世界范围,由跨国公司的投资经营活动而引发的环境侵权案件并不在少数,各个国家和国际组织都在积极研究和探索对跨国公司环境侵权行为的有效法律规制。本文以对跨国公司在华环境侵权的法律规制为视角来进行探讨,主要分为面四个部分:第一章首先对环境侵权的概念进行定义,然后从跨国公司逐利的本性和东道国管制乏力的角度对跨国公司环境侵权的行为进行分析,最后通过介绍跨国公司在我国对环境影响的现状,说明在我国完善规制跨国公司环境侵权的必要性和紧迫性;第二章先从宪法、法律法规以及地方性法规三个角度介绍了我国规制跨国公司环境侵权的法律规制制度。虽然我国对跨国公司的环境侵权有上述法律规制,但在现行的相关立法上仍存在不足,主要将从环境侵权主体不明确、环境责任保险制度的缺乏和惩罚性赔偿制度的缺乏三个角度来分析;第三章主要通过对规制跨国公司环境侵权在国际法与外国法方面的借鉴,在国际法方面更多的体现在通过国际多边环境公约来规制,在区域投资中选取的是NAFTA中关于环境条款的规定,在国际组织方面则是通过对经济合作发展组织关于《跨国公司行为准则》中关于跨国公司在投资活动中的环境责任要求来探讨,希望通过对已有经验的借鉴来对在我国的跨国公司环境侵权的规制进行完善;第四章主要是从四个角度来对我国规制跨国公司环境侵权的法律责任制度来进行完善,包括对明确环境侵权责任主体制度的完善,推进环境责任保险制度的建立,跨国公司惩罚性赔偿责任制度以及对其他相关责任制度的完善。
[Abstract]:As the product of high economic and social development, multinational corporations play an important role in promoting economic development and social progress. In the process of economic globalization, China has made great achievements in introducing foreign capital. A large number of multinational companies have poured into China, which has promoted the development of China's economy and accelerated the process of China's economic integration into the world economy. But at the same time, it also brings a series of social problems, among which the more obvious is the environmental tort of multinational corporations in China, which has a great impact on the environment of our country. Not only in China, but throughout the world, there are not a few cases of environmental infringement caused by the investment and business activities of transnational corporations. Various countries and international organizations are actively studying and exploring the effective legal regulation of transnational corporations' environmental tort. From the perspective of legal regulation of environmental tort of multinational corporations in China, this paper is divided into four parts: the first chapter defines the concept of environmental tort. Then it analyzes the environmental tort behavior of transnational corporations from the point of view of the nature of profit driven by transnational corporations and the weak control of host countries, and finally introduces the current situation of transnational corporations' impact on the environment in our country. It explains the necessity and urgency of perfecting and regulating the environmental tort of transnational corporations in our country. The second chapter introduces the legal regulation system of environmental tort of transnational corporations from three angles: constitution, laws and regulations and local regulations. Although our country has the above laws and regulations on the environmental tort of transnational corporations, there are still some deficiencies in the current relevant legislation, mainly from the subject of environmental tort is not clear. The lack of environmental liability insurance system and the lack of punitive damages system to analyze the third chapter mainly through the regulation of transnational corporations environmental tort in international law and foreign law reference. In the aspect of international law, it is more embodied in the regulation of international multilateral environmental conventions. In the regional investment, the provisions on environmental clauses in NAFTA are selected. In the case of international organizations, it is addressed through the requirements of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Code of Conduct on Transnational corporations regarding the environmental responsibility of transnational corporations in their investment activities, I hope to perfect the regulation of transnational corporations' environmental tort in our country through the reference of existing experience. The fourth chapter is to perfect the legal liability system of our country's regulation of transnational corporations' environmental tort from four angles. It includes perfecting the subject system of environmental tort liability, promoting the establishment of environmental liability insurance system, the system of punitive damages liability of multinational corporations and the perfection of other related liability systems.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D996.9;D922.68

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