我国突发环境事件应急机制法治研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 19:13

本文选题：突发环境事件 + 应急机制　；参考：《东北林业大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国是世界上突发环境事件发生最为严重的少数国家之一,我国的突发环境事件呈现出多样性,高频性,广泛性和极易扩散性的特点。尤其在当今我国正处于多种矛盾凸显的转型时期,各类突发环境事件层出不穷,给我国公民的生命财产安全带来了重大的损失,同时也影响了和谐社会的构建。党中央、国务院自2003年的“非典”以后,便高度重视我国突发环境事件应急机制的建设。已经相继颁布了一系列的应急预案。2007年8月出台的《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》已经正式施行。可以看出,我国突发环境事件应急机制的建设已经取得了很大的成就。但在法治上,针对突发环境事件应急机制问题的研究在我国尚处于起步阶段,尤其是2008年1月的冰雪灾害,5月12日“汶川地震”的发生,充分暴露出了我国在应急机制的建设和管理层面上还存在的许多漏洞和不足。而很多发达国家已经形成了完备的法律法规体系和快速有效应急机制。因此,我们必须在借鉴国外的先进经验的基础上,加快建设和完善我国的突发环境应急机制。本文首先从突发环境事件的概念界定入手,探讨了突发环境事件的特性、影响危害、突发环境事件应急机制的内涵及建立的必要性。其次,本文论述了我国突发环境事件应急机制的现状及存在的问题,在借鉴了美国、日本、俄罗斯三个发达国家突发环境事件应急机制的基础上,初步提出了进一步完善我国突发环境事件应急机制的法治构想。所以,在本文的第五部分,主要从立法、原则以及制度三个层面提出了完善的具体建议。
[Abstract]:China is one of the few countries with the most serious environmental emergencies in the world. The unexpected environmental events in our country have the characteristics of diversity, high frequency, extensiveness and easy diffusion. Especially in today's China is in the transition period of many kinds of contradictions prominent, all kinds of unexpected environmental events emerge one after another, to our citizens' life and property security has brought great losses, but also affected the construction of a harmonious society. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to the construction of emergency mechanism for environmental emergencies since SARS in 2003. A series of emergency plans have been promulgated one after another. The Emergency response Law of the people's Republic of China, issued in August 2007, has been put into effect. It can be seen that the construction of emergency mechanism for environmental emergencies in China has made great achievements. However, on the rule of law, the research on the emergency mechanism of unexpected environmental events is still in its infancy in China, especially the snow and ice disaster in January 2008, and the "Wenchuan earthquake" on May 12. It fully exposed many loopholes and deficiencies in the construction and management of emergency mechanism in our country. Many developed countries have formed a complete system of laws and regulations and rapid and effective emergency mechanism. Therefore, we must speed up the construction and improvement of China's emergency environmental emergency mechanism on the basis of drawing lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries. This paper begins with the definition of the concept of unexpected environmental events, and discusses the characteristics of unexpected environmental events, the influence of harm, the connotation of emergency mechanism and the necessity of establishment. Secondly, this paper discusses the current situation and existing problems of the emergent environmental emergency mechanism in our country, on the basis of drawing lessons from the emergency mechanism of three developed countries, the United States, Japan and Russia. The idea of rule of law to improve the emergency mechanism of environmental emergencies in China is put forward preliminarily. Therefore, in the fifth part of this paper, the author puts forward some concrete suggestions from three aspects of legislation, principle and system.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D922.6

【引证文献】