试论生物遗传资源利益分享权

发布时间：2018-05-20 04:32

本文选题：生物资源 + 遗传资源　；参考：《暨南大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 随着基因技术的突飞猛进,21世纪被认为是生物技术的世纪,生物遗传资源则被誉为“绿色金矿”。然而,地球上的生物遗传资源的分布并不是均衡的,相对来说,发达国家,生物遗传资源贫乏,但生物技术发达;广大发展中国家,特别是沿赤道线的发展中国家,生物遗传资源丰富,但缺乏利用能力。于是,就产生了一个问题,缺乏资源的发达国家纷纷将目光投向发展中国家,企图免费享用“这块蛋糕”,而不愿进行任何补偿。随着冲突的加剧,国际社会正努力解决这个问题,《生物多样性公约》于1992年出台,确立了生物遗传资源的国家主权和利益分享的原则。本文共分四章。第一章讨论了生物遗传资源的含义和分类,并对生物遗传资源利益分享权的概念、性质和法律特征进行了界定。第二章从权利客体发展的角度、激励理论以及保护生物多样性角度三个方面探讨了生物遗传资源利益分享权法律保护的正当性。第三章以《生物多样性公约》为例介绍了国际社会对生物遗传资源保护的探索,重点介绍了生物遗传资源的国家主权,事先知情同意制度,以及共同商定条件制度。第四章对我国生物遗传资源的概况,以及流失现状和立法现状进行了介绍。鉴于我国对生物遗传资源立法保护的不足,第五章对我国遗传资源利益分享权制度进行了初步的构建,这也是本文的创新之处。该章分别从主体、客体、内容、以及权利的限制和保护方面对我国生物遗传资源利益分享权的构建进行了深入的分析和探讨。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of genetic technology, the 21st century is regarded as the century of biotechnology, and biological genetic resources are called "green gold mine". However, the distribution of biological genetic resources on the Earth is not balanced. In relative terms, the developed countries are poor in biological genetic resources, but biotechnology is developed; and the vast majority of developing countries, in particular those along the equator line, Biological genetic resources are abundant, but lack of utilization ability. As a result, a problem arises, with resource-poor developed countries looking to the developing world for free to enjoy the cake without any compensation. With the intensification of the conflict, the international community is trying to solve this problem. The Convention on Biological Diversity was issued in 1992, which established the principles of national sovereignty and benefit-sharing of biological genetic resources. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter discusses the meaning and classification of biological genetic resources, and defines the concept, nature and legal characteristics of the right to benefit sharing of biological genetic resources. The second chapter discusses the legitimacy of the legal protection of the right to benefit sharing of biological genetic resources from the perspective of the development of the object of right, incentive theory and biodiversity conservation. The third chapter takes the Convention on Biological Diversity as an example to introduce the international community's exploration of the protection of biological genetic resources, focusing on the national sovereignty of biological genetic resources, the system of prior informed consent, and the system of mutually agreed conditions. The fourth chapter introduces the general situation of biological genetic resources in China, as well as the current situation of loss and legislation. In view of the deficiency of legislation protection of biological genetic resources in our country, the fifth chapter has carried on the preliminary construction to our country genetic resources benefit sharing right system, which is also the innovation of this paper. This chapter analyzes and probes into the construction of the benefit sharing right of biological genetic resources in China from the aspects of subject, object, content, restriction and protection of rights.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D996.9;D922.6

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