我国电子废弃物管理立法研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 16:05

本文选题：电子废弃物 + 立法　；参考：《西北民族大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国是世界上最大的家用电器生产和消费国之一,如今面临着越来越严重的电子废弃物处理的压力。电子废弃物具有数量增长快、危害大、无害化处理难度大以及回收利用价值高等特点,对其处理不当会带来环境的污染和资源的浪费,为了适应可持续发展和建设和谐社会的需要,提升我国的国际地位,应对即将产生的贸易壁垒,我国应该对电子废弃物管理进行立法。发达国家在电子废弃物的污染防治和资源化方面积累了一定的经验,并建立了相对完善的法律法规体系。本文系统分析了我国在电子废弃物回收与处理方面存在的问题与不足,通过借鉴发达国家在政策制度建设方面的经验,从系统的角度提出了加强电子废弃物管理的对策体系。论文的核心部分是我国电子废弃物管理立法的制度构建。污染者负担原则在电子废弃物处置适用方面存在一定的问题,与之相比,受益者负担原则更能体现环境正义和公平。通过我国电子废弃物处理产业发展现状与发达国家相关产业的比较,得出了我国电子废弃物回收处理要走产业化道路的结论。电子废弃物回收处理的产业化依赖于完善回收体系的建设、竞争机制的引入、准入制度的确立、回收处理技术水平的提高以及公众的参与。国外电子废弃物的大量涌入也是造成我国电子废弃物污染问题的重要原因,这一问题的解决有赖于我国环境刑事立法的完善和打击电子废弃物走私措施的加强。
[Abstract]:China is one of the largest household appliances producers and consumers in the world, and now it faces more and more serious pressure of electronic waste disposal. Electronic wastes are characterized by rapid growth of quantity, great harm, difficulty of harmless treatment and high value of recycling. Improper disposal of electronic wastes will bring about environmental pollution and waste of resources. In order to meet the needs of sustainable development and the construction of a harmonious society, to enhance our international status and to cope with the forthcoming trade barriers, our country should legislate on the management of electronic wastes. Developed countries have accumulated some experience in pollution prevention and utilization of electronic wastes, and have established a relatively perfect system of laws and regulations. This paper systematically analyzes the problems and deficiencies in the recovery and disposal of electronic wastes in China, and puts forward a countermeasure system for strengthening the management of electronic wastes from the point of view of the system by drawing lessons from the experience of the developed countries in the construction of policies and systems. The core part of this paper is the system construction of electronic waste management legislation in China. The polluter burden principle has some problems in the application of electronic waste disposal, compared with the beneficiary burden principle, it can embody environmental justice and equity. By comparing the present situation of electronic waste disposal industry in China with the related industries in developed countries, the conclusion is drawn that the recycling and disposal of electronic waste in China should follow the road of industrialization. The industrialization of electronic waste recovery and treatment depends on the construction of perfect recycling system, the introduction of competition mechanism, the establishment of access system, the improvement of recovery and treatment technology and the participation of the public. The influx of foreign electronic wastes is also an important reason for the problem of electronic waste pollution in China. The solution of this problem depends on the improvement of our country's environmental criminal legislation and the strengthening of measures to crack down on the smuggling of electronic wastes.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68

【引证文献】