海洋外来物种入侵法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 18:14

本文选题：外来物种 + 生物入侵　；参考：《厦门大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 随着经济全球化的发展及国际交流的日益增多,人们有意或无意地将海洋物种从一海域带入另一海域,导致了海洋外来物种入侵。海洋外来物种入侵对海洋生态、社会经济和人类健康造成了严重危害,已引起了国际社会的关注,无论国际法还是许多国家的国内法都纷纷进行立法,对海洋外来物种入侵进行防治。我国海洋生物入侵形势严峻,但是目前相关立法却不足应对。因此,我国亟需借鉴国际上防治外来生物入侵的先进经验,完善我国海洋外来物种管理的法律制度。除引言和结语外,全文共分五章: 第一章在澄清外来物种与外来入侵物种等相关概念的基础上,概述了海洋外来入侵物种的定义、入侵途径、以及入侵造成的危害,旨在为立法提供明确的规范对象。第二章介绍了目前国际层面有关海洋外来入侵物种的立法现状。在对有拘束力的国际法律文件和不具拘束力的国际法律文件进行概述的基础上,分析了现有国际法律文件在防范海洋外来物种入侵方面的不足之处。第三章介绍了主要发达国家在防治海洋外来生物入侵方面的法律实践,在此基础上,探讨了这些国家的先进经验对我国的启示。第四章首先介绍了我国涉及海洋外来物种入侵的立法概况,接着指出其主要缺陷。然后提出完善我国防治海洋外来物种入侵立法体系的具体建议,包括重构立法指导思想、修改现有法律、通过专门立法、明确法律责任等。第五章论述了我国海洋外来入侵物种综合治理的法律框架中亟需建立的几项重要制度,包括引种科学论证和审批制度、压舱水管理制度、风险分析制度、全程控制制度、合作制度等。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization and the increasing of international exchanges, people intentionally or unintentionally bring marine species from one sea to another, which leads to the invasion of marine alien species. The invasion of alien marine species has caused serious harm to marine ecology, social economy and human health, and has aroused the concern of the international community, both in international law and in the domestic laws of many countries. To prevent and cure the invasion of marine alien species. The situation of marine invasion in China is severe, but the relevant legislation is insufficient to deal with it. Therefore, our country urgently needs to learn from the international advanced experience of preventing and controlling alien species invasion, and perfect the legal system of marine alien species management in our country. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the full text is divided into five chapters: On the basis of clarifying the concepts of alien species and alien invasive species, the first chapter summarizes the definition of invasive species, the ways of invasion, and the harm caused by invasion, in order to provide a clear target for legislation. The second chapter introduces the current status of international legislation on invasive marine alien species. On the basis of an overview of the binding international legal documents and the non-binding international legal documents, this paper analyzes the shortcomings of the existing international legal documents in preventing the invasion of marine alien species. The third chapter introduces the legal practice of the main developed countries in preventing and controlling the invasion of marine alien organisms, and on this basis, discusses the enlightenment of the advanced experience of these countries to our country. Chapter four firstly introduces the legislative situation of marine alien species invasion in China, and then points out its main defects. Then it puts forward some concrete suggestions to perfect the legislative system of preventing and curing the invasion of marine alien species in China, including reconstructing the guiding ideology of legislation, modifying the existing laws, passing special legislation, and clarifying the legal responsibility, etc. The fifth chapter discusses several important systems which need to be established in the legal framework of comprehensive management of alien invasive species in China, including introduction scientific demonstration and examination and approval system, ballast water management system, risk analysis system, whole process control system. A cooperative system, etc.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68

【引证文献】