我国碳排放权交易制度的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 06:16

本文选题：碳排放权 + 碳排放权交易　；参考：《西北民族大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：全球气候变暖是当今世界必须面对的重要问题之一。对环境问题的认识角度和解决环境问题的路径选择有多种方法,而其中用市场化方法或手段寻求解决环境问题已引起学界的高度关注,并开展了有益的探索。碳排放权作为排污权体系下一种具体类型的排污权,是一种综合运用经济手段和法律手段解决环境问题的有益尝试。作为市场化手段的碳排放权交易制度是国家为应对气候变化,保障经济、环境可持续发展通过法律手段对碳排放权进行初始分配,在此基础上通过市场机制使有限的环境容量资源的配置达到最优,进而实现对温室气体排放实施管理。中国作为全球第二大碳排放国,也面临着被课以强制减排义务的可能,在哥本哈根气候峰会上,我国政府提出了到2020年单位GDP的二氧化碳排放量比2005年下降40%-45%的目标。与其去争论谁要减得多或少,不如提早采取行动,未雨绸缪,构建符合本国实际的碳排放权交易机制,来积极应对未来的减排压力。在2010年的“十二五”规划纲要中,我国明确提出:“逐步建立碳排放交易市场。”另外我国自签署《框架公约》、《京都议定书》以来,颁布多项文件应对气候变化问题,为我国建立碳排放权交易制度提供了法律和制度基础。而科学技术的发展和国内碳排放权交易的实践也为我国碳排放权交易制度的建立提供了技术和经验支持。本文所研究的碳排放交易制度,是在借鉴国际上成功的碳排放交易制度基础之上,综合的考虑了我国的政治、经济、人文、环境条件等具体情况下提出的。在总体设计上采取渐进的方式推进,先建立强制减排区和非强制减排区,再向全国推广。而在具体的制度设计上,确立了碳排放交易制度的基本原则、基本规则、监管机制,来进一步的保证碳排放交易制度的有效运行。
[Abstract]:Global warming is one of the important issues that must be faced in the world today. There are many ways to identify the environmental problems and to choose the path to solve the environmental problems, and the market method or means to solve the environmental problems has aroused the high attention of the academic community and has carried out beneficial exploration.
Carbon emission rights, as a specific type of emission right under the system of emission rights, is a useful attempt to solve environmental problems by comprehensive use of economic means and legal means. The carbon emission trading system, as a means of marketization, is the state to deal with climate change, protect the economy and the sustainable development of the environment through the legal means to the carbon emission rights. On the basis of this, we can optimize the allocation of limited environmental capacity resources through market mechanism, so as to realize the management of greenhouse gas emissions.
China, as the second largest carbon emitter in the world, is also faced with the possibility of compulsory emission reduction. At the Copenhagen climate summit, our government proposed the goal of reducing carbon dioxide emissions per unit GDP by 2020 to 40%-45% in 2005. The carbon emission trading mechanism, which is in line with the national reality, will actively respond to the future pressure of emission reduction. In the 2010 "12th Five-Year" program, China made clear that "gradually establish carbon emissions trading market." in addition, since China signed the Framework Convention and the Kyoto Protocol, we have promulgated a number of documents to deal with the climate change problem, for our country The establishment of a carbon emission trading system provides a legal and institutional basis. The development of science and technology and the practice of carbon emissions trading at home provide technical and empirical support for the establishment of China's carbon emission trading system.
The carbon emission trading system studied in this paper is based on the successful carbon emission trading system on the basis of international success, considering our country's political, economic, human, environmental conditions and so on. In the overall design, we take a progressive approach to build a compulsory and non compulsory emission reduction area, and then push the country to the whole country. In the specific design of the system, the basic principles, basic rules and regulatory mechanisms of the carbon emission trading system have been established to further ensure the effective operation of the carbon emission trading system.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.9;D922.6

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