中美能源立法理念比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 16:42

本文选题：能源安全理念 + 能源经济性理念　；参考：《华东政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 能源是人类赖以生存、经济发展和社会进步的重要基础资源,也是关系到国家经济命脉和经济安全的重要战略物资。在当今社会,能源问题已经成为全球性的焦点问题以及绝大多数国家可持续发展的核心问题,因此关系到能源发展的能源立法也愈加备受各国重视。能源法的立法理念,是指立法者通过能源立法所表达的、希望实现保障能源安全、提高能源效率、促使能源发展与环境保护相协调的思想和目的,它是能源立法的根本指导思想。明确能源法的立法理念,将有助于能源法的作用的发挥及其自身的发展与完善。本论文试通过具体分析能源法的各立法理念,并对中美两国能源立法理念具体实践进行比较,最终得出对我国能源法立法工作的一些建议。除导言外,正文共分为五章、十五节,可分为三个部分。第一部分为第一章,明确了全文将要探讨的问题的理论基础,简要介绍了能源法立法理念体系中各具体立法理念——能源安全理念、能源经济性理念及能源生态性理念的相关概念及其形成和发展过程。第二部分由第二章、第三章和第四章组成,从中国与美国的能源状况和能源立法概况入手,分析了各能源立法理念在中美两国能源立法中的具体体现,并进而对中美两国能源立法理念的异同进行比较分析。第三部分为第五章,在分析我国当前面临的能源问题的基础之上,结合上文中对中美能源立法理念的比较分析,提出了对我国能源立法合理化的相关建议：首先是应高度重视能源安全,努力降低对国外能源的依赖性。主要包括：重视本国传统能源的勘探开发、保证自身能源产量；优化能源结构,建设多元化能源格局；完善国家石油储备体系,提高能源抗风险能力;对于对外依赖性强的能源,应注重进口来源多元化、分散进口风险；积极拓展全方位能源外交,参与国际多边能源合作。其次是应注重能源经济性理念,将节能和提高能效作为能源工作重心。主要包括：完善有关节能法律,并保障其得到有效实施；加强节能技术开发力度,大力推广先进节能技术的利用；加强节能宣传和教育,推广社会节能；更新和加强能源基础设施建设。最后是注重能源生态性理念,实现能源与环境的可持续发展。主要包括：加强环境保护法律与能源法律的衔接；逐步降低化石能源的环境污染程度并减少其在能源消费中所占比例；提升公众环保意识,推进环保公众参与。
[Abstract]:Energy is an important basic resource for human survival, economic development and social progress. It is also an important strategic material related to the national economic lifeline and economic security. In today's society, energy issues have become the focus of global issues and the core issues of sustainable development in most countries. Therefore, energy legislation related to energy development has been paid more and more attention by many countries. The legislative idea of energy law refers to the idea and purpose that legislators express through energy legislation to ensure energy security, improve energy efficiency and promote coordination between energy development and environmental protection. It is the fundamental guiding ideology of energy legislation. Making clear the legislative idea of energy law will be helpful to the exertion of energy law and its own development and perfection. This paper analyzes the legislative ideas of energy law, and compares the specific practice of energy legislation between China and the United States, and finally comes to some suggestions on the legislation of energy law in China. In addition to the introduction, the text is divided into five chapters, fifteen sections, can be divided into three parts. The first part is the first chapter, which clarifies the theoretical basis of the issues to be discussed in the full text, and briefly introduces the specific legislative concepts in the legislative concept system of energy law-the concept of energy security. The concept of energy economy and the concept of energy ecology and its formation and development process. The second part is composed of the second chapter, the third chapter and the fourth chapter, starting with the energy situation and the general situation of the energy legislation in China and the United States, the author analyzes the concrete embodiment of each energy legislation idea in the energy legislation of China and the United States. Furthermore, the similarities and differences of energy legislation ideas between China and the United States are compared and analyzed. The third part is the fifth chapter, based on the analysis of the current energy problems in China, combined with the above comparative analysis of the Chinese and American energy legislation concept, This paper puts forward some suggestions on the rationalization of energy legislation in China: firstly, we should attach great importance to energy security and try to reduce the dependence on foreign energy. It mainly includes: attach importance to the exploration and development of the traditional energy resources in our country, ensure their own energy output, optimize the energy structure, build a diversified energy pattern, perfect the national petroleum reserve system, and improve the ability of energy to resist risks; For the energy with strong external dependence, we should pay attention to the diversification of import sources, spread the import risk, actively expand the all-round energy diplomacy and participate in international multilateral energy cooperation. Secondly, we should pay attention to the concept of energy economy, energy conservation and energy efficiency as the focus of energy work. The main contents are as follows: perfecting the relevant energy-saving laws and ensuring their effective implementation; strengthening the development of energy-saving technology, vigorously promoting the use of advanced energy-saving technology; strengthening energy conservation publicity and education, promoting social energy conservation; Energy infrastructure should be upgraded and strengthened. Finally, we should pay attention to the concept of energy ecology and realize the sustainable development of energy and environment. It mainly includes: strengthening the link between environmental protection law and energy law; gradually reducing the environmental pollution of fossil energy and reducing its proportion in energy consumption; promoting public awareness of environmental protection and promoting public participation in environmental protection.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D912.6

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