船舶拆解环境污染防治法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 05:56

本文选题：船舶拆解 + 拆船污染　；参考：《大连海事大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：船舶在终结其营运寿命、送到拆船厂加以拆解,是处理退役船舶的一个可持续发展和对环境友好的方式。拆船是造船的逆过程,主要将船体中的废钢铁和非铁金属、电器、救生设备等具有再利用价值的材料拆除并回收再利用。通过正规的操作,船舶拆解业无疑是一种“绿色”工业,拆船行为本身的原则和目的也是非常积极的。拆船业的发展对于一个国家的工业发展具有十分重要的意义。然而,由于报废的船舶携带油类、含油混合物、废弃物、甚至一些有害的物质,处理不当会对环境产生污染,甚至间接或直接危害人体健康,因此,一个国家要发展拆船业,应当具备一套完善的防治拆船污染环境的法律规定。我国目前基本确立了一套防治拆船污染的法律体系,但是由于经济和社会的发展,现行的法律规定已经不能适应防治拆船污染的需要。因而,有必要对拆船环境污染法律规定进行研究,找出立法上不完善的地方,并提出修改的建议。本文首先对船舶拆解进行概述,从拆船业的过去、现状以及发展前景入手,以求对拆船业进行初步了解,在此基础上介绍国际上现有的拆船模式,进而分析拆船业存在的环境污染风险。随后对国际相关的规定介绍并评述,尤其是最新的国际立法——《拆船公约》,介绍了其制定背景,阐述了公约中重要制度。接下来又介绍了各国关于船舶拆解污染防治的规定。对于我国关于船舶拆解污染防治的立法,对主要的规定进行介绍并加以评述。最后,经过分析指出我国现有规定的局限,并借鉴《拆船公约》有关规定提出修改的建议。
[Abstract]:It is a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to deal with decommissioned ships by terminating their operating life and sending them to the shipbreaking yard for dismantling. Shipbreaking is an inverse process of shipbuilding. It mainly removes and reuses scrap steel and non-ferrous metals, electrical appliances, life-saving equipment and other valuable materials in the hull. Through formal operation, ship dismantling is undoubtedly a kind of "green" industry, and the principle and purpose of shipbreaking itself are very positive. The development of shipbreaking industry is of great significance to the industrial development of a country. However, since end-of-life ships carry oils, oily mixtures, wastes, or even some harmful substances, improper handling will cause pollution to the environment and even indirectly or directly harm human health. Therefore, a country should develop shipbreaking industry. There should be a set of perfect laws and regulations for the prevention and control of environmental pollution caused by shipbreaking. At present, China has basically established a set of legal system to prevent and cure pollution from shipbreaking. However, due to the development of economy and society, the current legal provisions can no longer meet the needs of preventing and controlling pollution from shipbreaking. Therefore, it is necessary to study the legal provisions on environmental pollution caused by shipbreaking, find out the imperfections in legislation, and put forward some suggestions for amendment. This paper first summarizes the ship dismantling industry, starting with the past, current situation and development prospects of shipbreaking industry, in order to make a preliminary understanding of shipbreaking industry, and on this basis introduces the existing international shipbreaking mode. Then analyze the environmental pollution risk of shipbreaking industry. Then it introduces and comments on the relevant international regulations, especially the latest international legislation, the Convention on ship Recycling, introduces the background of its formulation, and expounds the important system in the Convention. Then it introduces the regulations of prevention and control of ship dismantling pollution. The main regulations on pollution prevention and control of ship dismantling in China are introduced and reviewed. Finally, the limitations of the existing regulations in China are pointed out, and suggestions for amendment are put forward by reference to the relevant provisions of the Convention on ship Recycling.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68;F426.474

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