我国野生动物保护立法研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 14:21

【摘要】： 保护生态环境和发展社会经济是21世纪人类的共同主题。野生动物在自然界中具有重要的生态地位和生态功能,是整个生态链中不可或缺的环节之一。野生动物既是人类生存环境的组成构件,也是人类的宝贵遗产。对野生动物的保护取决于人类的价值取向,更取决于法律的保护。偷捕乱猎,贸易驱动,栖息地丧失对野生动物形成了巨大的生存压力,甚至导致濒危或灭绝。野生动物资源的可持续性发展是构建和谐社会,发展资源发展战略的必要途径。当今世界,野生动物保护日益受到各国的普遍关注。如何实现保护野生动物和发展经济的协调统一,从而达到人类与野生动物的和谐相处已成为待解决的问题。从各国的经验来看,法律对野生动物保护具有不替代的作用,注重运用法律手段来规范和调整野生动物资源已成为国际趋势。同时,国际社会也在积极探索保护野生动物的法律措施。目前,我国的野生动物保护立法工作有了较大进展并取得了一定成效。但由于我国野生动物保护立法起步较晚,并且法律体系不够完善,相关规定缺乏可操作性,其局限性也来也显现。本文通过阐述目前我国野生动物濒危的主要因素,以我国现行野生动物保护立法体系及其存在的问题为切入点,从野生动物保护的调整对象和保护范围以及相关基本制度和机制等方面对我国野生动物保护立法和实践进行全面具体的解析,明确指出了现行相关法律法规不足和缺陷。同时,对欧盟、美国等对野生动物保护立法现状进行了评析,指出了对我国野生动物保护立法的启示和借鉴意义。在上述理论分析和实证的基础上,提出了完善我国野生动物保护的立法建议。通过确立和修正宪法、刑法中对野生动物保护相关条款,制定生物多样性保护法和动物福利法,修订《野生动物保护法》。同时,加强地方野生动物保护立法。期望能有助于我国野生动物保护立法的完善,促进我国野生动物保护的发展。
[Abstract]:Protecting ecological environment and developing social economy is the common theme of human beings in the 21 st century. Wildlife has an important ecological status and ecological function in nature and is one of the indispensable links in the whole ecological chain. Wildlife is not only the component of human living environment, but also the precious heritage of mankind. The protection of wildlife depends on the value orientation of human beings, but also on the protection of law. Poaching, trade- driven, habitat loss put great pressure on wildlife, and even endangered or extinct. The sustainable development of wildlife resources is a necessary way to build a harmonious society and develop resources development strategy. In today's world, the protection of wildlife is receiving more and more attention from all over the world. How to realize the coordination and unification of protecting wildlife and developing economy, so as to achieve the harmony between human beings and wild animals has become a problem to be solved. From the experience of various countries, the law has an irreplaceable role in wildlife protection, and it has become an international trend to emphasize the use of legal means to regulate and adjust wildlife resources. At the same time, the international community is also actively exploring legal measures to protect wildlife. At present, China's wildlife protection legislation has made great progress and achieved certain results. However, due to the late start of wildlife protection legislation in China, the legal system is not perfect, the relevant provisions lack of maneuverability, and its limitations also appear. By expounding the main factors of the endangered wildlife in China, this paper takes the current legislation system of wildlife protection and its existing problems as the starting point. The legislation and practice of wildlife protection in China are analyzed comprehensively and concretely from the aspects of the object and scope of wildlife protection and the related basic system and mechanism, and the deficiencies and defects of current relevant laws and regulations are pointed out. At the same time, the current situation of wildlife protection legislation in EU and USA is analyzed, and the enlightenment and reference significance to wildlife protection legislation in China are pointed out. On the basis of the above theoretical analysis and demonstration, the author puts forward some legislative suggestions to perfect the wildlife protection in China. By establishing and amending the Constitution, the relevant provisions on wildlife protection in the Criminal Code, the Biodiversity Protection Act and the Animal Welfare Act were enacted, and the Wildlife Protection Act was amended. At the same time, strengthen local wildlife protection legislation. It is expected to be helpful to improve the legislation of wildlife protection in China and promote the development of wildlife protection in China.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68

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