湖南省土壤污染防治立法研究

发布时间：2018-09-13 14:01

【摘要】：作为农业大省,湖南省的土壤污染问题已经危及到农产品质量、人居环境和人体健康。近年来出现的多起土壤污染事件,造成了社会恐慌。湖南省采取了一系列措施加强土壤污染治理,但由于现行法律法规严重滞后于湖南省土壤污染防治工作的实际需要,依然存在很多不如人意之处。因此,制定专门的湖南省土壤污染防治地方性法规,已经提上湖南省政府和立法机关的议事日程。土壤污染问题也是世界各国面临的共同问题。通过考察世界各国土壤污染防治的立法经验,可以看出,美国、日本、德国的土壤污染防治立法具有比较鲜明的特色,能有效应对土壤污染问题。湖南省土壤污染防治立法可以借鉴这些国家的行之有效的成功经验。随着国务院《土壤污染防治行动》的出台,我国土壤污染防治地方立法进程加快,湖北、广东、福建等省已陆续出台专门的土壤污染防治地方性法规或者地方政府规章,为湖南省的地方立法提供了参考范本。湖南省在土壤污染防治立法中需要明确的原则应当包括保护优先、预防为主、综合治理的原则,风险管控原则,公众参与原则,污染者担责原则以及治理者受益原则。在此基础上,应当明确立法的重点领域,加大重金属污染防治力度,建立资金保障体系,鼓励和支持技术研发,完善信息公开与公众参与。另外,还应建立土壤污染预防、土壤污染治理、土壤污染监督等具体的法律制度体系,以便形成系统的土壤污染防治法律制度体系。
[Abstract]:As a big agricultural province, the soil pollution in Hunan Province has endangered the quality of agricultural products, human health and human health. In recent years, many incidents of soil pollution have caused social panic. Hunan Province has taken a series of measures to strengthen soil pollution control, but because the current laws and regulations lag behind the actual needs of soil pollution control in Hunan Province, there are still many unsatisfactory points. Therefore, it has been put on the agenda of Hunan provincial government and legislature to formulate special local laws and regulations on soil pollution prevention in Hunan Province. Soil pollution is also a common problem all over the world. Through investigating the legislation experience of soil pollution prevention in the world, it can be seen that the legislation of soil pollution prevention and control in the United States, Japan and Germany has distinct characteristics and can effectively deal with soil pollution problems. The legislation of soil pollution prevention and control in Hunan Province can draw lessons from the successful experiences of these countries. With the promulgation of the State Council's "soil pollution Prevention Action", the process of local legislation on soil pollution prevention and control in China has been accelerated. Hubei, Guangdong, Fujian and other provinces have successively issued special local regulations or local government regulations on soil pollution prevention. It provides a reference model for the local legislation of Hunan Province. In the legislation of soil pollution prevention and control in Hunan province, the clear principles should include protection priority, prevention first, comprehensive management principle, risk control principle, public participation principle, polluter accountability principle and benefit principle. On this basis, we should make clear the key areas of legislation, strengthen the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution, establish a fund guarantee system, encourage and support the research and development of technology, improve the information disclosure and public participation. In addition, it is necessary to establish a specific legal system such as soil pollution prevention, soil pollution control, soil pollution supervision and so on, so as to form a systematic legal system for soil pollution prevention and control.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D927;D922.68

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