论环境法公众参与制度

发布时间：2018-11-15 16:22

【摘要】： 20世纪60年代以来,在世界范围内形成了公众参与环境保护的潮流,许多国家都建立了公众参与环境保护的法律机制,环境法中的公众参与在世界各国和国际社会得到普遍推行。在我国的环境保护中,强调公众参与决策有极为重要的意义。我国是社会主义国家,人民是国家的主人,广大公民对于维持自身生存休戚相关的环境品质的改善有着当然的权利。在环境法中确立公众参与制度,是人民民主理念在环境法中的体现。通过公众对环境事务的参与,有利于监督环境法的有效执行,有利于及时发现环境决策中的问题有利于改善环境管理体制。我国环境法公众参与制度尚未完善,在理论研究的基础上,推动环境法公众参与的建立与发展是我国环境保护领域的一项紧迫的任务。当然,这需要借鉴国外公众参与的先进经验,又要紧密结合我国的国情。本文针对完善和发展我国环境保护公众参与制度这一核心问题进行了系统的研究,共分为五个部分。第一部分,环境法公众参与的内涵、内容及意义;第二部分,环境法公众参与的理论基础,它包括:环境权理论、环境民主理论和公共信托理论;第三部分,环境法公众参与在我国大陆的现状及不足;第四部分,环境法公众参与在国外的发展。本部分首先对美国、日本、加拿大和韩国的公众参与制度进行了介绍,并指出了其对发展我国环境法公众参与制度的启示;最后,为了完善我国环境法公众参与制度,在借鉴发达国家经验的基础上,本文提出如下途径:一是要制定专门的实施条例,完善公众参与的程序;二是确立公民环境权;三是建立环境信息公开机制;四是尽快建立环境公益诉讼制度;五是积极培育环境保护民间组织;六是提高公众的参与环保意识。
[Abstract]:Since the 1960s, the trend of public participation in environmental protection has been formed in the world, and many countries have established legal mechanisms for public participation in environmental protection. Public participation in environmental law is widely practiced in the world and the international community. In the environmental protection of our country, it is very important to emphasize the public participation in decision-making. China is a socialist country, the people are the masters of the country, the vast number of citizens to maintain their own survival closely related to the improvement of environmental quality has a natural right. To establish the system of public participation in environmental law is the embodiment of people's democratic concept in environmental law. The participation of the public in environmental affairs is conducive to the supervision of the effective implementation of environmental law and the timely discovery of problems in environmental decision-making and the improvement of the environmental management system. The system of public participation in environmental law in China is not yet perfect. On the basis of theoretical research, it is an urgent task in the field of environmental protection to promote the establishment and development of public participation in environmental law. Of course, this needs to learn from the advanced experience of foreign public participation, and closely combined with our national conditions. This paper studies the core problem of perfecting and developing the system of public participation in environmental protection in China, which is divided into five parts. The first part, the connotation, content and significance of environmental law public participation, the second part, the theoretical basis of environmental law public participation, including: environmental rights theory, environmental democracy theory and public trust theory; The third part, the current situation and deficiency of public participation in environmental law in mainland China, and the fourth part, the development of public participation in environmental law in foreign countries. This part first introduces the public participation system of the United States, Japan, Canada and South Korea, and points out its enlightenment to the development of the public participation system of environmental law in China. Finally, in order to perfect the system of public participation in environmental law of our country, based on the experience of developed countries, this paper puts forward the following ways: first, to formulate special implementing regulations to perfect the procedure of public participation; second, to establish the environmental rights of citizens; The third is to establish an open mechanism of environmental information, the fourth is to establish an environmental public interest litigation system as soon as possible; the fifth is to actively cultivate non-governmental organizations for environmental protection; and the sixth is to enhance the public's awareness of participating in environmental protection.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.6

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