船舶油污损害赔偿基金法律制度的研究
发布时间：2018-11-15 16:26
【摘要】： 我国是个海洋大国,拥有辽阔的海域以及丰富的资源。随着海运行业的迅速发展,重大油污事故频发,给人们的生命和财产带来了严重的损害。然而由于缺乏油污赔偿基金法律制度的支持,仅仅根据我国目前参加的《民事责任公约》的规定,油污事故受害者遭受的损失无法获得足够的赔偿。解决油污损害赔偿问题已经成为了当务之急。本文通过对国际公约以及外国有关油污损害赔偿基金制度规定的研究,论述了建立我国油污损害赔偿基金制度的重要性并设计了具体的制度框架。 本文主体部分共有三章,由浅到深,由国外到国内,详尽描述了国际公约和国外关于油污基金的规定,以期能为构建我国油污基金制度提供必要的参考。 第一章是关于油污损害赔偿基金的概述。作者首先明确了相关术语的含义,包括船舶、油污损害以及油污损害赔偿基金。其次,论述了建立基金制度的必要性。其原因一方面在于只将船东作为赔偿主体导致对油污事件受害人的赔偿不足,另一方面则是根据“受益者付费”原则,石油货主有义务分担油污损害的赔偿责任。最后,是对国际油污基金法律制度的相关介绍,包括《1971年设立国际油污损害赔偿基金的国际公约》,以及《1992年设立国际油污损害赔偿基金的国际公约》。 第二章是对国际通行的油污赔偿机制的分析,及其对我国的借鉴。文中列举了国际通行的三种赔偿机制,包括按照责任公约与基金公约体系进行赔偿,按照国内油污损害赔偿机制进行赔偿,以及采用国际基金和国内基金相结合的双基金赔偿机制进行赔偿。然后通过分析我国是否应该加入国际基金公约,以及建立国内基金制度的必要性及可行性,提出了我国应当借鉴采纳的机制,即建立国内的油污损害赔偿机制。 第三章是对我国基金制度的具体构建。作者通过对国际公约、以及英美等国法律中的相关规定的比较,来对我国国内的油污赔偿基金的具体制度的构建提出自己的意见,其中包括基金的来源、基金的运行模式、免责事由、赔偿范围等。 笔者希冀此文能在我国的油污基金制度出台之即,为有关部门的立法提供一定的参考和意见。
[Abstract]:China is a large sea country with vast sea areas and abundant resources. With the rapid development of shipping industry, serious oil pollution accidents occur frequently, which bring serious damage to people's lives and property. However, due to the lack of legal support from the Oil pollution compensation Fund, only according to the provisions of the "Civil liability Convention" to which China is currently a party, the victims of oil pollution accidents are unable to obtain adequate compensation for their losses. To solve the problem of oil pollution damage compensation has become an urgent matter. Based on the study of international conventions and the regulations of foreign oil pollution compensation fund system, this paper discusses the importance of establishing the oil pollution damage compensation fund system in China and designs the specific system framework. The main body of this paper consists of three chapters, from shallow to deep, from foreign to domestic, describes in detail the international conventions and foreign provisions on the oil pollution fund, in order to provide the necessary reference for the construction of China's oil pollution fund system. The first chapter is about the oil pollution damage compensation fund outline. Firstly, the author clarifies the meaning of relevant terms, including ship, oil pollution damage and compensation fund for oil pollution damage. Secondly, it discusses the necessity of establishing fund system. On the one hand, the reason is that only the shipowner as the main compensation subject leads to insufficient compensation to the victims of the oil pollution incident, on the other hand, according to the principle of "pay-for-beneficiary", the oil cargo owner has the obligation to share the liability of compensation for the oil pollution damage. Finally, it introduces the relevant legal system of the International Oil pollution Fund, including the International Convention establishing the International Oil pollution damage compensation Fund in 1971 and the International Convention establishing the International Oil pollution damage compensation Fund in 1992. The second chapter is the analysis of international oil pollution compensation mechanism and its reference to our country. In this paper, three kinds of compensation mechanisms are listed, including compensation under the liability Convention and the Fund Convention system, and compensation under the domestic compensation mechanism for oil pollution damage. As well as the use of international funds and domestic funds in combination with the compensation mechanism for compensation. Then, by analyzing whether our country should join the international fund convention and the necessity and feasibility of establishing domestic fund system, this paper puts forward the mechanism that our country should use for reference, that is, establishing domestic compensation mechanism for oil pollution damage. The third chapter is the concrete construction of China's fund system. By comparing the relevant provisions of the international conventions and the laws of the United States and other countries, the author puts forward his own opinions on the construction of the specific system of the Oil pollution compensation Fund in China, including the source of the fund, the mode of operation of the fund, etc. Exemption, scope of compensation, etc. The author hopes that this article can provide some reference and advice for the relevant departments when the oil pollution fund system of our country is published.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68
本文编号：2333808
[Abstract]:China is a large sea country with vast sea areas and abundant resources. With the rapid development of shipping industry, serious oil pollution accidents occur frequently, which bring serious damage to people's lives and property. However, due to the lack of legal support from the Oil pollution compensation Fund, only according to the provisions of the "Civil liability Convention" to which China is currently a party, the victims of oil pollution accidents are unable to obtain adequate compensation for their losses. To solve the problem of oil pollution damage compensation has become an urgent matter. Based on the study of international conventions and the regulations of foreign oil pollution compensation fund system, this paper discusses the importance of establishing the oil pollution damage compensation fund system in China and designs the specific system framework. The main body of this paper consists of three chapters, from shallow to deep, from foreign to domestic, describes in detail the international conventions and foreign provisions on the oil pollution fund, in order to provide the necessary reference for the construction of China's oil pollution fund system. The first chapter is about the oil pollution damage compensation fund outline. Firstly, the author clarifies the meaning of relevant terms, including ship, oil pollution damage and compensation fund for oil pollution damage. Secondly, it discusses the necessity of establishing fund system. On the one hand, the reason is that only the shipowner as the main compensation subject leads to insufficient compensation to the victims of the oil pollution incident, on the other hand, according to the principle of "pay-for-beneficiary", the oil cargo owner has the obligation to share the liability of compensation for the oil pollution damage. Finally, it introduces the relevant legal system of the International Oil pollution Fund, including the International Convention establishing the International Oil pollution damage compensation Fund in 1971 and the International Convention establishing the International Oil pollution damage compensation Fund in 1992. The second chapter is the analysis of international oil pollution compensation mechanism and its reference to our country. In this paper, three kinds of compensation mechanisms are listed, including compensation under the liability Convention and the Fund Convention system, and compensation under the domestic compensation mechanism for oil pollution damage. As well as the use of international funds and domestic funds in combination with the compensation mechanism for compensation. Then, by analyzing whether our country should join the international fund convention and the necessity and feasibility of establishing domestic fund system, this paper puts forward the mechanism that our country should use for reference, that is, establishing domestic compensation mechanism for oil pollution damage. The third chapter is the concrete construction of China's fund system. By comparing the relevant provisions of the international conventions and the laws of the United States and other countries, the author puts forward his own opinions on the construction of the specific system of the Oil pollution compensation Fund in China, including the source of the fund, the mode of operation of the fund, etc. Exemption, scope of compensation, etc. The author hopes that this article can provide some reference and advice for the relevant departments when the oil pollution fund system of our country is published.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68
【引证文献】
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2 李玉娟;;环境民事公益诉讼中环保NGO法律地位的反思与重构[J];南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版);2011年01期
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2 周珊;构建我国船舶油污损害赔偿基金制度研究[D];大连海事大学;2011年
3 王皓;船舶油污损害赔偿基金法律制度构建研究[D];大连海事大学;2011年
4 闫扬;海洋油类污染防治法律问题研究[D];东北林业大学;2011年
5 张楠;船舶油污损害赔偿基金法律制度的研究及对我国的启示[D];华东政法大学;2011年
6 赵英;环境侵权损害的企业互助基金制度研究[D];浙江农林大学;2011年
7 王蓉;我国船舶油污损害赔偿基金法律制度研究[D];哈尔滨工程大学;2011年
8 汪瀛;船舶油污损害赔偿法律制度研究[D];哈尔滨工程大学;2010年
9 梁伟平;我国海上溢油生态损害预防法律制度研究[D];山东师范大学;2010年
10 曹瑛;中国船舶油污损害赔偿基金制度研究[D];苏州大学;2012年
，本文编号：2333808
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