环境风险防范原则研究

发布时间：2018-11-16 07:21

【摘要】：长期以来对环境风险问题的忽视,养痈遗患,导致现在环境污染事故频发。而由于制度的缺失,在环境事故发生之后采取的应急、赔偿、补偿等措施的实施也差强人意。随着我国进入环境事故高发期,进一步加强环境风险防范,从源头防范环境事故的发生,已经刻不容缓。本文对环境风险防范原则在法规政策层面做了一定的建构,对于日后环境风险的立法具有一定的理论参考价值。本文第一部分为引言。第二部分首先明确了环境领域“风险”的定义。明确定义的意义在于能够初步对风险作出判断：哪些属于环境风险,哪些应该对其采取防范措施,并且可以根据定义的要求大致判断所采取的措施的方式与程度。接着笔者从防范思想出现的背景以及风险防范的重要性来为“环境风险防范”下了定义。第三部分引出了本文的核心——环境风险防范原则。首先,介绍了环境风险防范原则的概念,并且将“环境风险防范”、“环境风险防止”、“环境风险预防”三者做了比较,使风险防范原则更加明确,这样的比较有利于在风险防范立法中将其与原有的制度加以区分,使得立法更加有效、准确。其后介绍了我国环境风险防范原则的立法现状以及相关制度评述。第四部分介绍了国际与国内环境风险防范立法实践,该部分旨在为今后的立法工作提供参考。第五部分是本文的重中之重。笔者在该部分对环境风险原则纳入立法做了制度上的建构,建构一部分是借鉴国外具体的、行之有效的制度,另一部分是笔者参考已有的相关制度作出的创新性的制度建构。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the neglect of environmental risk and the maintenance of carbuncle have led to frequent environmental pollution accidents. Due to the lack of system, the implementation of emergency, compensation, compensation and other measures after the occurrence of environmental accidents is not satisfactory. With China entering the period of high incidence of environmental accidents, it is urgent to further strengthen the prevention of environmental risks and prevent the occurrence of environmental accidents from the source. This paper constructs the principle of environmental risk prevention at the level of regulation and policy, which has certain theoretical reference value for the future legislation of environmental risk. The first part of this paper is the introduction. The second part clarifies the definition of "risk" in the field of environment. The significance of the clear definition lies in the ability to make a preliminary judgment on the risk: which belongs to the environmental risk, which should take preventive measures against it, and can roughly judge the way and the degree of the measures taken according to the requirements of the definition. Then the author defines "environmental risk prevention" from the background of prevention thought and the importance of risk prevention. The third part leads to the core of this paper-environmental risk prevention principle. Firstly, this paper introduces the concept of environmental risk prevention principle, and compares "environmental risk prevention", "environmental risk prevention" and "environmental risk prevention". This kind of comparison is advantageous to distinguish it from the original system in the legislation of risk prevention, which makes the legislation more effective and accurate. Then it introduces the current legislative situation and related system of environmental risk prevention principle in China. The fourth part introduces the international and domestic environmental risk prevention legislation practice, this part aims to provide reference for the future legislative work. The fifth part is the most important part of this paper. In this part, the author makes a systematic construction of the principle of environmental risk into the legislation. Part of the construction is to draw lessons from foreign specific and effective institutions, and the other part is the innovative system construction made by the author with reference to the existing relevant systems.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D912.6

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