我国环境公益诉讼“破冰”案之法律分析

发布时间：2018-11-17 10:00

【摘要】：环境公益诉讼是在应对环境危机思路下,程序表达机制的新探索,越来越受到环境法学与环保实务界的重视。但是,目前的核心理论研究尚存在模糊之处,鲜有立法与司法方面的深入探讨。与此同时,各地方司法权力和司法机关“适逢其时”地进行制度创新,设立专门性环保审判组织,并出台了与之配套的程序性规范。本文试图借助对我国环境公益诉讼“破冰”案——朱正茂、中华环保联合会与江阴港集装箱公司环境污染侵权纠纷案的分析,明确界定何谓环境公益诉讼,辨析原告主体资格,论述环保审判组织的价值与问题。以期阐明笔者的观点与立场,为构建环境公益诉讼制度提供建议。除引言与结语外,文章内容包含三部分：第一部分：对“破冰”案基本情况进行梳理。回顾了本案的案情及审理情况,并随之预设本案的分析焦点。第二部分：对案件焦点进行分析与探讨。首先,通过归纳推理提出界定环境公益诉讼的六个基本标准,并以此认定本案的案件性质。其次,将对于环境权与环境诉权的分析作为理论铺垫,阐释了我国环境诉权的障碍,并从国家立法导向与地方司法实务探索两个维度,得出环保联合会具有本案原告主体资格的结论。再次,原告在法院正式受理本案之日,即提出请求,以强制被告停止环境污染行为。笔者运用跨部门法的方法分别参照适用民事诉讼法的先予执行制度和知识产权法的诉前禁令规则,就该项申请是否应当得到法院的支持加以分析。最后,以本案为背景,阐述了无锡市环保审判庭的相关情况及其在审理本案中所发挥的作用。第三部分：案件引发思考。基于上述法律分析,延伸出笔者对于原告主体资格与环保审判组织两个问题的思考。通过对国内现状的实证分析和对域外相关制度的考察,指出赋予环保公益组织诉讼主体资格和有步骤地建制环保审判组织才是环境公诉解困的路径,并最终提出确立环境公益诉讼制度相关问题的个人构想。
[Abstract]:Environmental public interest litigation is a new exploration of procedure expression mechanism under the thought of dealing with environmental crisis, which has been paid more and more attention to by environmental law and environmental protection practice. However, there are still some ambiguities in the research of core theory, and there are few in-depth discussions on legislation and judicature. At the same time, the local judicial power and judicial organs "at the right time" to carry out institutional innovation, set up specialized environmental justice organizations, and issued the corresponding procedural norms. This paper attempts to define clearly what environmental public interest litigation is to be an environmental public interest lawsuit by analyzing the case of "breaking the ice"-Zhu Zhengmao, the Chinese Environmental Protection Federation and Jiangyin Container Company's environmental pollution infringement dispute in China, and discriminating the plaintiff's subject qualification. This paper discusses the value and problems of environmental justice organization. In order to clarify the author's point of view and stand, for the construction of environmental public interest litigation system to provide suggestions. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the article contains three parts: the first part: to sort out the basic situation of the ice breaking case. Reviewed the case and the trial, and then preset the focus of the case. The second part: the analysis and discussion of the focus of the case. Firstly, six basic standards of defining environmental public interest litigation are put forward through inductive reasoning, and the nature of the case is determined. Secondly, taking the analysis of environmental right and environmental right of action as the theoretical foundation, the author explains the obstacles of environmental right of action in China, and explores the two dimensions of national legislative guidance and local judicial practice. Come to the conclusion that the environmental protection federation has the plaintiff main body qualification in this case. Third, the plaintiff filed a petition on the date of the court's formal acceptance of the case to compel the defendant to stop the act of environmental pollution. The author applies the method of interdepartmental law to analyze whether the application should be supported by the court with reference to the pre-execution system of civil procedure law and the pre-suit injunction rule of intellectual property law respectively. Finally, based on the background of this case, this paper expounds the relevant situation of Wuxi environmental protection trial court and its role in the trial of the case. The third part: the case causes the ponder. Based on the above-mentioned legal analysis, the author thinks about the plaintiff's subject qualification and the organization of environmental protection trial. Based on the empirical analysis of the current situation in China and the investigation of the relevant systems outside the country, it is pointed out that the way to solve the difficulties of environmental prosecution is to give environmental public welfare organizations the main body qualification of litigation and the systematic establishment of environmental justice organizations. And finally put forward the establishment of environmental public interest litigation system related to the personal concept.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.68;D925.1

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