中国环境保护的制度框架—问题和前景
发布时间：2018-12-18 02:49
【摘要】：本次开展的研究是为了给当前塑造中国环境保护制度框架的模式和流程提供一些启发。环境治理机构,如同其它的任何机构一样,被贯穿时间与空间所制造、分散、传播的因素所影响,并且同时,易于倾向废弃和衰落。我们将要把研究对象方在一个机构的理论框架下分析,然后得出在中国环境治理过程中的一致性和稳定性因素,以及该治理过程带来冲突和改变。中国环保机构正在现代化,同时也在适应国内和国际社会的要求和影响。然而,体制结构的塑造不只是一个自然的经济规律的结果,而是同时被文化,社会和政治所主导。该制度理论提供了一个负有洞察力的工具,来了解这些机构、法律和行为规范社会是怎样被社会和政治实体所塑造并与之相互联系的,并由此生成一个动态过程来描述这些互相的作用。 本文首先回顾了大量现有的相关研究成果。研究列举了一些中国环境问题产生的原因,这些原因也是中国环保现阶段的核心问题。因此,我们不仅要对这些问题本身进行定义和深入剖析,还要分析与之相关的重要理论,以便总结出哪些因素可以帮助我们对整个制度体系进行重新定义。 尽管中国付出了明显的努力来协调经济发展和环境保护,但在众多因素的作用下,涉及面极大的环境立法和监管执行仍然面临着巨大的障碍。强大的地方保护主义也反映了长期以来中央和地方政府在利益划分和发展重点上的分歧。此外,由来己久的需要克服的障碍还有：中央部门之间协调的困难,缺乏透明度,司法系统的执行无力,制定法律政策的地方部门的财政紧缺等等。因此,法律制定和执行之间的脱节仍然是中国环保机制的最大缺陷,而要建立一个行之有效的机制,仍需经历多年的挑战,改革和调整。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to provide some inspiration for the current model and process of shaping the framework of China's environmental protection system. Environmental governance institutions, like any other institution, are influenced by factors created, dispersed, and disseminated through time and space, and at the same time are prone to abandonment and decline. We will analyze the object under the framework of a theoretical framework, and then get the consistency and stability in the process of environmental governance in China, as well as the conflict and change caused by the governance process. China's environmental protection agencies are modernizing and adapting to the demands and influence of the domestic and international community. However, the shaping of institutional structures is not only the result of a natural economic law, but also dominated by culture, society and politics. The institutional theory provides an insightful tool for understanding how these institutions, laws and behavioural societies are shaped and interlinked by social and political entities. A dynamic process is generated to describe these interactions. This paper first reviews a large number of existing research results. This paper lists some causes of environmental problems in China, which are also the core problems of environmental protection in China. Therefore, we should not only define and analyze the problems themselves, but also analyze the relevant important theories so as to sum up the factors that can help us to redefine the whole system. Although China has made obvious efforts to coordinate economic development and environmental protection, but under the influence of many factors, the implementation of environmental legislation and supervision still faces great obstacles. Strong local protectionism also reflects a long-standing division of interests and priorities between central and local governments. In addition, long-standing obstacles include difficulties in coordination between central authorities, lack of transparency, lack of enforcement of the judicial system, and financial constraints in the local authorities that make legal policies. Therefore, the disconnection between law making and enforcement is still the biggest defect of China's environmental protection mechanism, and to establish an effective mechanism, it still needs many years of challenge, reform and adjustment.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X-01;D922.68
本文编号：2385198
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to provide some inspiration for the current model and process of shaping the framework of China's environmental protection system. Environmental governance institutions, like any other institution, are influenced by factors created, dispersed, and disseminated through time and space, and at the same time are prone to abandonment and decline. We will analyze the object under the framework of a theoretical framework, and then get the consistency and stability in the process of environmental governance in China, as well as the conflict and change caused by the governance process. China's environmental protection agencies are modernizing and adapting to the demands and influence of the domestic and international community. However, the shaping of institutional structures is not only the result of a natural economic law, but also dominated by culture, society and politics. The institutional theory provides an insightful tool for understanding how these institutions, laws and behavioural societies are shaped and interlinked by social and political entities. A dynamic process is generated to describe these interactions. This paper first reviews a large number of existing research results. This paper lists some causes of environmental problems in China, which are also the core problems of environmental protection in China. Therefore, we should not only define and analyze the problems themselves, but also analyze the relevant important theories so as to sum up the factors that can help us to redefine the whole system. Although China has made obvious efforts to coordinate economic development and environmental protection, but under the influence of many factors, the implementation of environmental legislation and supervision still faces great obstacles. Strong local protectionism also reflects a long-standing division of interests and priorities between central and local governments. In addition, long-standing obstacles include difficulties in coordination between central authorities, lack of transparency, lack of enforcement of the judicial system, and financial constraints in the local authorities that make legal policies. Therefore, the disconnection between law making and enforcement is still the biggest defect of China's environmental protection mechanism, and to establish an effective mechanism, it still needs many years of challenge, reform and adjustment.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X-01;D922.68
【共引文献】
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1 陈杰;中国香港与内地环境影响评价施行状况的比较研究[D];兰州大学;2011年
2 孟祥芬;房地产建设项目环境影响评价技术与实践研究[D];武汉科技大学;2011年
3 张小虎;土地利用规划环境影响评价问题研究[D];东北农业大学;2007年
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