我国商业银行的环境法律责任研究

发布时间：2019-02-16 17:45

【摘要】：改革开放三十多年来我国经济取得了突飞猛进的发展,但另一方面我国的环境污染也日益严峻。国家运用法律、政策等途径来加强对环境污染的治理,但这一问题仍未得到有效解决。商业银行作为特殊的企业,一方面以企业利润最大化为目标,方面起着引导企业投资取向的作用。鉴于商业银行特殊的地位,怎样做到商业银行这种表面上不直接与环境资源发生关系的企业也承担环境责任,使商业银行的杠杆作用充分的显现出来,是目前国内外讨论的热点。为了发挥商业银行经济杠杆的作用,应当强化商业银行的环境责任,这是遵循社会契约理论、平衡权利义务的必然要求,是商业银行为因其贷款而使破坏的正义得到校正的表现,是银行减小风险、增强自身竞争力的必然选择,同时也是完善我国绿色经济制度的需要。法律作为维持文明社会秩序、提高效率和实现正义的工具,从法律上明确规范商业银行的环境责任,就成为必然的选择。单独的立法模式使得法律之间无形中产生了许多冲突,整合现有法律的立法模式使得立法的工作量加大,将会使环境保护法太繁杂。这就需要探索出一种新的立法模式。构建专门规定商业银行的环境责任法和对商业银行法、环境保护法修改相结合的综合立法模式,就是本文设想的一种模式,即制定《金融业环境责任法》与对《环境保护法》等法律进行修改相结合的模式。由于商业银行不直接参与项目的投资建设,但商业银行发放的贷款与环境污染、资源破坏有关系,银行就应为其没有尽到谨慎义务承担相应的环境责任,这种责任的承担是一种无过错的共同连带责任。《环境保护法》作为环境保护的基本法律,应统领《金融业环境责任法》的价值取向。为了维护商业银行的合法权益,减少因保护环境而受到的损失,也应从税收等方面对在环保方面做出贡献的银行给予政策、法律上的支持。同时也要加强各单位之间的信息沟通,来完善绿色经济制度。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made rapid progress, but on the other hand, the environmental pollution in our country is becoming increasingly serious. The government uses laws and policies to strengthen the treatment of environmental pollution, but this problem has not been effectively solved. As a special enterprise, commercial banks, on the one hand, aim at maximizing the profits of enterprises, and on the other hand, play an important role in guiding the investment orientation of enterprises. In view of the special position of commercial banks, how to make commercial banks, which are not directly related to environmental resources on the surface, also bear environmental responsibility, so that the leverage of commercial banks is fully revealed. Is the domestic and foreign discussion hot spot at present. In order to play the role of economic leverage of commercial banks, it is necessary to strengthen the environmental responsibility of commercial banks, which is the inevitable requirement of following the theory of social contract and balancing the rights and obligations. It is the performance of commercial banks to correct the damage justice caused by their loans, the inevitable choice for banks to reduce risks and enhance their own competitiveness, and the need to perfect our country's green economy system at the same time. Law, as a tool to maintain civil social order, improve efficiency and realize justice, is an inevitable choice to regulate the environmental responsibility of commercial banks. The separate legislative model makes many conflicts between the laws. The integration of the existing legislation makes the workload of legislation increase, which will make the environmental protection law too complicated. This needs to explore a new legislative model. The construction of a comprehensive legislative model combining the environmental responsibility law of commercial banks with the law on commercial banks and the modification of environmental protection laws is a model envisaged in this paper. That is to formulate the model of financial industry environmental responsibility law and the law of environmental protection law. Since commercial banks are not directly involved in the investment and construction of projects, but the loans issued by commercial banks are related to environmental pollution and destruction of resources, the banks should bear the corresponding environmental responsibility for their failure to perform their duty of care. As the basic law of environmental protection, the Environmental Protection Law should control the value orientation of the Financial Industry Environmental liability Law. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of commercial banks and reduce the losses caused by the protection of the environment, we should also give policy and legal support to the banks that contribute to the environmental protection from the aspects of taxation and other aspects. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the information communication between the units to improve the green economy system.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.68;D922.281;F832.33

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