我国集体森林资源生态补偿制度研究
发布时间：2019-02-24 10:58
【摘要】：森林资源作为地球上最重要的自然资源,是人类生存发展必不可少的资源。它不仅具有其自身的经济功能,还具有涵养水源、保持水土、防风固沙、调节气候、净化大气及养育生物、美化环境的生态功能。近几年来,全球环境问题不断恶化,森林资源面积锐减,国家越来越重视林业的发展,森林资源的生态价值逐渐体现出来。当前,集体林权制度改革是中央深化农村改革的一项重大举措。随着集体林权制度改革的不断深入,集体森林资源生态补偿问题也随之出现。构建完善的集体森林资源生态补偿制度是保障林业可持续发展的一个重要环节。我国集体森林资源生态补偿制度建立的时间不长,尚存在诸多问题,如集体森林资源生态补偿的概念模糊,生态补偿标准单一且过低,生态补偿方式及资金来源单一,单靠政府财政补贴难以保证补偿资金及时到位。因此,对我国集体森林资源生态补偿制度进行专门研究具有重要的理论和现实意义。 全文约3万字,共四部分: 第一部分通过对森林、森林资源及集体森林资源、生态补偿、集体森林资源生态补偿概念进行分析梳理后,从生态环境法的基本理念出发,较为科学地对集体森林资源生态补偿的概念作出界定。 第二部分着重从经济学和法学理论角度对我国集体森林资源生态补偿制度进行理论分析,特别强调集体森林资源生态补偿制度是平衡公民权利与义务和协调公民环境权、生存权与发展权冲突的需要。 第三部分主要总结了我国生态公益林、退耕还林工程、天然林保护工程生态补偿制度的现状,分析了集体森林资源生态补偿制度存在的问题。 第四部分着重论述了完善我国集体森林资源生态补偿制度的若干建议。提出要完善我国集体森林资源生态补偿制度,首先必须明确集体森林资源生态补偿的概念;针对集体森林资源生态补偿主体问题,提出建立“一体两翼”的集体森林资源生态补偿制度;论述了扩大集体森林资源生态补偿范围和对象;强调要科学制定集体森林资源生态补偿标准;针对集体森林资源生态补偿资金来源单一,提出建立集体森林资源生态补偿方式与资金来源的多元制度;最后,通过建立集体森林资源生态补偿的市场制度,把我国集体森林资源生态补偿制度推向市场化。
[Abstract]:Forest resources, as the most important natural resources on the earth, are essential resources for human survival and development. It not only has its own economic function, but also has the ecological function of conserving water, maintaining soil and water, preventing wind and sand, regulating climate, purifying atmosphere and raising biology, beautifying environment. In recent years, the global environmental problems have been deteriorating, the area of forest resources has decreased sharply, the country has paid more and more attention to the development of forestry, and the ecological value of forest resources has been gradually reflected. At present, collective forest right system reform is a major measure of the central deepening rural reform. With the deepening of the reform of collective forest right system, ecological compensation of collective forest resources appears. Constructing a perfect ecological compensation system of collective forest resources is an important link to ensure the sustainable development of forestry. The ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in our country has not been established for a long time, there are still many problems, such as the concept of ecological compensation of collective forest resources is vague, the standard of ecological compensation is single and too low, the mode of ecological compensation and the source of funds are single. Relying on government financial subsidies alone cannot guarantee that compensation funds are in place in time. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in China. The first part analyzes the concepts of forest, forest resources and collective forest resources, ecological compensation, collective forest resources, ecological compensation of collective forest resources, and sets out from the basic concept of ecological environmental law. The concept of ecological compensation of collective forest resources is defined scientifically. The second part focuses on the theoretical analysis of the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in China from the angle of economics and law theory, especially emphasizes that the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources is to balance the civil rights and obligations and coordinate the civil environmental rights. The need of conflict between the right to existence and the right to development. The third part summarizes the current situation of ecological compensation system of ecological public welfare forest, returning cropland to forest project and natural forest protection project, and analyzes the existing problems of ecological compensation system of collective forest resources. The fourth part mainly discusses some suggestions to perfect the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in China. In order to perfect the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in China, the concept of ecological compensation of collective forest resources must be clearly defined. Aiming at the main body of ecological compensation of collective forest resources, this paper puts forward the establishment of the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources with "one body and two wings", and discusses the expansion of the scope and object of ecological compensation of collective forest resources. It is emphasized that the standard of ecological compensation of collective forest resources should be formulated scientifically, and the multiple system of ecological compensation of collective forest resources and sources of funds should be established in view of the single source of funds for ecological compensation of collective forest resources. Finally, by establishing the market system of ecological compensation of collective forest resources, the system of ecological compensation of collective forest resources in China is promoted to marketization.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.63;F326.2
本文编号：2429489
[Abstract]:Forest resources, as the most important natural resources on the earth, are essential resources for human survival and development. It not only has its own economic function, but also has the ecological function of conserving water, maintaining soil and water, preventing wind and sand, regulating climate, purifying atmosphere and raising biology, beautifying environment. In recent years, the global environmental problems have been deteriorating, the area of forest resources has decreased sharply, the country has paid more and more attention to the development of forestry, and the ecological value of forest resources has been gradually reflected. At present, collective forest right system reform is a major measure of the central deepening rural reform. With the deepening of the reform of collective forest right system, ecological compensation of collective forest resources appears. Constructing a perfect ecological compensation system of collective forest resources is an important link to ensure the sustainable development of forestry. The ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in our country has not been established for a long time, there are still many problems, such as the concept of ecological compensation of collective forest resources is vague, the standard of ecological compensation is single and too low, the mode of ecological compensation and the source of funds are single. Relying on government financial subsidies alone cannot guarantee that compensation funds are in place in time. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in China. The first part analyzes the concepts of forest, forest resources and collective forest resources, ecological compensation, collective forest resources, ecological compensation of collective forest resources, and sets out from the basic concept of ecological environmental law. The concept of ecological compensation of collective forest resources is defined scientifically. The second part focuses on the theoretical analysis of the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in China from the angle of economics and law theory, especially emphasizes that the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources is to balance the civil rights and obligations and coordinate the civil environmental rights. The need of conflict between the right to existence and the right to development. The third part summarizes the current situation of ecological compensation system of ecological public welfare forest, returning cropland to forest project and natural forest protection project, and analyzes the existing problems of ecological compensation system of collective forest resources. The fourth part mainly discusses some suggestions to perfect the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in China. In order to perfect the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources in China, the concept of ecological compensation of collective forest resources must be clearly defined. Aiming at the main body of ecological compensation of collective forest resources, this paper puts forward the establishment of the ecological compensation system of collective forest resources with "one body and two wings", and discusses the expansion of the scope and object of ecological compensation of collective forest resources. It is emphasized that the standard of ecological compensation of collective forest resources should be formulated scientifically, and the multiple system of ecological compensation of collective forest resources and sources of funds should be established in view of the single source of funds for ecological compensation of collective forest resources. Finally, by establishing the market system of ecological compensation of collective forest resources, the system of ecological compensation of collective forest resources in China is promoted to marketization.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.63;F326.2
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 郭学凤;;公益林生态效益补偿问题及市场机制探析[J];安徽林业;2009年03期
2 孟全省;对我国森林生态效益补偿制度的思考[J];林业财务与会计;2003年11期
3 胡仪元;;流通领域价值的决定及其讨价还价模型[J];理论探讨;2007年04期
4 黄雪菊;积极开展森林认证 尽快与国际接轨[J];绿色中国;2004年18期
5 郭广荣,李维长,王登举;不同国家森林生态效益的补偿方案研究[J];绿色中国;2005年14期
6 张小罗,周训芳;森林生态效益补偿机制与公民环境权保护[J];林业经济问题;2003年05期
7 黄选瑞,张玉珍,藤起和,赵连清,陈占稳;环境再生产与森林生态效益补偿[J];林业科学;2002年06期
8 王世进;黄知中;;构建我国公益林生态效益市场补偿机制初探[J];农业考古;2009年06期
9 王登举;日本的森林生态效益补偿制度及最新实践[J];世界林业研究;2005年05期
10 刘春发;;日本的森林环境税——以高知县为例[J];世界林业研究;2007年05期
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 林玉成;我国森林生态效益补偿制度研究[D];重庆大学;2005年
2 郝岩;我国商业银行股权结构与经营绩效的实证分析[D];重庆大学;2009年
，本文编号：2429489
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/falvlunwen/huanjingziyuanfa/2429489.html
