环境伦理构建中的法律规制研究

发布时间：2019-03-21 20:28

【摘要】：随着工业的社会步伐,环境问题也越来越引起人们的关注。南极冰层变薄、臭氧层穿洞、酸雨与沙尘暴的增多,全球性的水危机等等由人类造成的环境问题,使我们在现实面前不得不进行深刻的反思。环境伦理是伴随着19世纪60年代的环境保护运动而日益彰显的一种伦理思潮。它对工业化过程中导致的全球性生态危机进行了全面的反思,进而要求重新审视人与自然的关系以确立新的价值理念它突破了以人为中心的狭隘的功利观念,进而要求在思想和行为上表现出对人与自然共同利益的关心。由于我国在构建环境伦理中存在着诸多问题,需要注重对环境伦理构建的法律思考,赋予某些为人们所普遍接受的环境伦理以法律效力,及时将普适的环境伦理上升为法律,为环境伦理寻找得以实现的现实载体。本文共分六章：第一章,绪论。阐述了环境伦理构建的目的和意义、文献综述、研究方法及可能的创新点。第二章,环境伦理的概述。从环境伦理的沿革发展及环境伦理构建的必要性进行论述。第三章,我国环境伦理构建的现状存在的问题,以及相关立法的缺失。第四章,国外环境伦理构建的立法借鉴,总结出重要的启示,改善我国的相关立法。第五章,我国环境伦理构建的法律对策,从而为我国的环境伦理的构建提供法律保障。第六章,结论。可能的创新点是：第一,拓展环境权利主体的范围。主张赋予动物、森林、大海、江河和其他自然物以及整个大自然以“法的权利”。同时引入“代理人”的概念,将“被代理人”的范围从人扩展到河流、树木、山川。第二,尝试构建《环境教育法》。环境伦理的构建,需要解决好人类对环境的认识问题,通过环境伦理教育来提高人们的认识,环境教育只靠人们的自觉性是不够的,需要通过法律来保证其实现。
[Abstract]:With the social pace of industry, environmental problems have attracted more and more attention. Because of the thinning of Antarctic ice layer, the increase of acid rain and sandstorm, the global water crisis and other environmental problems caused by human beings, we have to rethink deeply in the face of reality. Environmental ethics is an increasingly prominent ethical trend of thought with the movement of environmental protection in the 1960s. It makes a comprehensive reflection on the global ecological crisis caused by industrialization, and then calls for a re-examination of the relationship between man and nature in order to establish a new concept of value, which breaks through the narrow utilitarian concept of people-centered. Furthermore, it is necessary to show concern for the common interests of man and nature in thought and behavior. Since there are many problems in the construction of environmental ethics in China, it is necessary to pay attention to the legal thinking on the construction of environmental ethics, to give legal effect to some generally accepted environmental ethics, and to raise the universal environmental ethics into law in time. To find a realistic carrier for the realization of environmental ethics. This paper is divided into six chapters: chapter one, introduction. The purpose and significance of the construction of environmental ethics, literature review, research methods and possible innovations are described. The second chapter is an overview of environmental ethics. This paper discusses the evolution and development of environmental ethics and the necessity of constructing environmental ethics. The third chapter, the current situation of the construction of environmental ethics in China, as well as the lack of relevant legislation. The fourth chapter, draw lessons from the legislation of the construction of foreign environmental ethics, summarize the important enlightenment, improve the relevant legislation of our country. The fifth chapter, the legal countermeasure of our country's environmental ethics construction, thus provides the legal guarantee for the construction of our country's environmental ethics. Chapter VI, conclusions. The possible innovations are: first, expand the scope of the subject of environmental rights. Advocates that animals, forests, seas, rivers and other natural objects, as well as nature as a whole, be given "legal rights". At the same time, the concept of "agent" is introduced to extend the scope of "agent" from people to rivers, trees, mountains and rivers. Second, try to construct the Environmental Education Law. The construction of environmental ethics needs to solve the problem of human understanding of the environment, improve people's awareness through environmental ethics education, environmental education only depends on people's consciousness is not enough, it is necessary to ensure its realization through law.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.6;D90-05

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