我国机动车尾气污染环境法规制研究
发布时间：2019-06-14 17:11
【摘要】：近年来,我国机动车保有量急速增长,截止2011年2月底,全国机动车保有量达到2.11亿辆。我国机动车污染控制水平低、单车污染高、燃油质量差、交通状况差,机动车尾气污染问题日益突出,在许多城市,机动车尾气已经成为大气污染的主要污染源,机动车尾气污染防治已经刻不容缓。加强机动车尾气污染法律规制,有助于减少大气污染,推动我国环保事业不断向前发展。 目前,我国已经初步建立起包括法律、法规、规章、标准等在内的规制机动车尾气污染的环境法体系,并探索出一系列防治机动车尾气污染的具体制度。根据这些制度的主要手段的性质,可以分为监督管理制度和经济刺激制度。它们是通过立法形成的有关防治机动车尾气污染的规则、程序和保障措施,是机动车尾气污染环境法规制的主要内容。监督管理制度主要包括机动车生产阶段的机动车产品环保准入制度、环保型式核准制度、环保生产一致性监督管理制度,机动车使用阶段的在用车符合性检查制度、检查/维护制度、环保定期检验机构委托制度、环保检验合格标志管理制度,以及针对油料的管理制度。经济刺激制度主要包括税收和补贴,具体来讲,包括机动车购置环节的消费税、购置税、节能与新能源汽车补助与补贴以及机动车使用和更新环节的车船税、燃油税和黄标车报废补贴。本文主要对机动车尾气污染的环境法规制进行梳理,介绍相关法律制度的发展历程及实施效果,评析其中不足,从机动车尾气污染环境法体系、监督管理制度、经济刺激制度等方面提出完善建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the number of motor vehicles in China has increased rapidly, and by the end of February 2011, the total number of motor vehicles in China reached 2.11 billion vehicles. The pollution control of motor vehicle is low, the pollution of motor vehicle is high, the fuel quality is poor, the traffic condition is poor, and the pollution of the tail gas of the motor vehicle is becoming more and more serious. In many cities, the tail gas of the motor vehicle has become the main pollution source of the air pollution, and the pollution prevention and control of the tail gas of the motor vehicle has become urgent. Strengthening the legal regulation of motor vehicle's tail gas pollution helps to reduce the air pollution and promote the development of environmental protection in our country. At present, our country has set up a system of environmental law, including laws, regulations, rules, standards and so on, to regulate the pollution of motor vehicle's tail gas. The nature of the main means of these systems can be divided into the supervision and administration system and the economic stimulus system. degree. They are the rules, procedures and safeguard measures for preventing and controlling the pollution of motor vehicle tail gas, which are formed by legislation, which is the main part of the regulations on the environmental regulation of the exhaust gas of motor vehicles The system of supervision and administration mainly includes the system of environmental protection for motor vehicle products in the production stage of the motor vehicle, the approval system for environmental protection type, the supervision and management system for environmental protection production, the system for conformity inspection of the vehicle in the use stage of the motor vehicle, and the inspection/ maintenance system. The system of the entrusted system of the environmental protection and inspection agency, the management system for the inspection of the environmental protection inspection and the management of the management of the oil The economic stimulus system mainly includes taxes and subsidies, in particular, the consumption tax, purchase tax, energy-saving and new-energy vehicle subsidies and subsidies, as well as the vehicle-and-ship taxes, oil-fuel taxes and the scrapping of the yellow-mark vehicles, including the use and updating of the motor-driven vehicles. In this paper, the environmental regulation system of the motor vehicle's tail gas pollution is analyzed, the development course and effect of the relevant legal system are introduced, the deficiency is analyzed, and the construction of the system, the supervision and management system, the economic stimulation system and so on is put forward from the aspects of the vehicle's tail gas environmental pollution law system, the supervision and administration system, the economic stimulation system and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.68;X734.2
本文编号：2499547
[Abstract]:In recent years, the number of motor vehicles in China has increased rapidly, and by the end of February 2011, the total number of motor vehicles in China reached 2.11 billion vehicles. The pollution control of motor vehicle is low, the pollution of motor vehicle is high, the fuel quality is poor, the traffic condition is poor, and the pollution of the tail gas of the motor vehicle is becoming more and more serious. In many cities, the tail gas of the motor vehicle has become the main pollution source of the air pollution, and the pollution prevention and control of the tail gas of the motor vehicle has become urgent. Strengthening the legal regulation of motor vehicle's tail gas pollution helps to reduce the air pollution and promote the development of environmental protection in our country. At present, our country has set up a system of environmental law, including laws, regulations, rules, standards and so on, to regulate the pollution of motor vehicle's tail gas. The nature of the main means of these systems can be divided into the supervision and administration system and the economic stimulus system. degree. They are the rules, procedures and safeguard measures for preventing and controlling the pollution of motor vehicle tail gas, which are formed by legislation, which is the main part of the regulations on the environmental regulation of the exhaust gas of motor vehicles The system of supervision and administration mainly includes the system of environmental protection for motor vehicle products in the production stage of the motor vehicle, the approval system for environmental protection type, the supervision and management system for environmental protection production, the system for conformity inspection of the vehicle in the use stage of the motor vehicle, and the inspection/ maintenance system. The system of the entrusted system of the environmental protection and inspection agency, the management system for the inspection of the environmental protection inspection and the management of the management of the oil The economic stimulus system mainly includes taxes and subsidies, in particular, the consumption tax, purchase tax, energy-saving and new-energy vehicle subsidies and subsidies, as well as the vehicle-and-ship taxes, oil-fuel taxes and the scrapping of the yellow-mark vehicles, including the use and updating of the motor-driven vehicles. In this paper, the environmental regulation system of the motor vehicle's tail gas pollution is analyzed, the development course and effect of the relevant legal system are introduced, the deficiency is analyzed, and the construction of the system, the supervision and management system, the economic stimulation system and so on is put forward from the aspects of the vehicle's tail gas environmental pollution law system, the supervision and administration system, the economic stimulation system and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.68;X734.2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王莉莉;兰州市机动车尾气排放对大气环境影响分析及对策研究[D];兰州交通大学;2013年
，本文编号：2499547
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