我国公众环境知情权的权利实现

发布时间：2019-06-21 07:58

【摘要】：公众的环境知情权是知情权在环境保护领域的发展,任何人都有权知悉与他们生存环境有关的信息。但是,在我国环境法律条文中,环境知情权并没有得到明确的规定。我国虽然建立了政府信息公开制度,但是信息公开的范围、方式以及法律救济方面的缺陷导致现在的信息公开还不足以满足人们对环境信息的需求。信息公开制度的实施状况与信息的需求之间产生的矛盾,就是知情权利没有得到充分实现的表现。文章认为环境知情权的权利实现是一个发展的过程。权利实现的权利被确立后是通过一定的制度和途径实施并最终实现的过程。制度实施的效果直接影响最后权利实现的效果。文章围绕环境知情权的权利实现过程,首先对公众环境知情权的基本内容进行论述,分析环境知情权的要素、结构和存在形式。第二部分论述公众对环境信息知情存在现实需求,并对环境知情权的权利从需求、确立实施到实现的进行分析。在了解了公众对环境信息的知情的需求以后,对如何实现其权利以及是否实现权利进行分析和判断。本文还进一步对影响环境知情权实现的因素进行分析。文章第三部分从立法和制度实施的视角对环境知情权的权利实现过程中的问题进行分析。第四部分针对性地提出意见和建议,包括国家应该提高信息公开立法的位阶、加强环境知情权与公众参与的联系等。本文的创新点在于将权利的最终实现视为一个动态发展的过程,通过分析权利实现的步骤和特点来找出影响因素。并提出从改进立法、完善制度建设、转变政府管理者的态度、合理分配和充分利用现有资源等方面来弥补权利实现过程中的不足。文章结合当前网络传播技术发展迅速的特点,通过案例,分析微博平台在信息公开和公众参与的社会需求中担任的重要角色。建议政府紧跟时代步伐,着力扩展信息公开的方式与公众积极对话,以满足公众对权利的需求。
[Abstract]:The public's right to know the environment is the development of the right to know in the field of environmental protection, and anyone has the right to know the information related to their living environment. However, in the provisions of environmental law in our country, the right to know about the environment has not been clearly stipulated. Although the government information disclosure system has been established in our country, the scope, mode and defects of legal relief of information disclosure lead to the fact that the current information disclosure is not enough to meet the needs of people for environmental information. The contradiction between the implementation of the information disclosure system and the demand for information is the manifestation that the right to know has not been fully realized. The article holds that the realization of the right to know is a process of development. After the right is established, it is the process of implementing and finally realizing the right through certain system and way. The effect of system implementation directly affects the effect of the realization of the final right. Focusing on the realization process of the right to know, this paper first discusses the basic contents of the public's right to know about the environment, and analyzes the elements, structure and existing forms of the right to know about the environment. The second part discusses the real demand of the public to know about the environmental information, and analyzes the right of the right to know the environment from the demand, the establishment and implementation to the realization. After understanding the public's demand for environmental information, this paper analyzes and judges how to realize its rights and whether to realize them. This paper also further analyzes the factors that affect the realization of the right to know the environment. The third part of the article analyzes the problems in the realization of the right to know from the perspective of legislation and institutional implementation. The fourth part puts forward some suggestions and suggestions, including that the state should improve the rank of information disclosure legislation, strengthen the relationship between the right to know the environment and public participation, and so on. The innovation of this paper is to regard the final realization of rights as a dynamic development process, and to find out the influencing factors by analyzing the steps and characteristics of the realization of rights. It is proposed to make up for the shortcomings in the process of realizing rights from the aspects of improving legislation, perfecting system construction, changing the attitude of government managers, reasonably distributing and making full use of existing resources, and so on. Based on the rapid development of network communication technology, this paper analyzes the important role of Weibo platform in the social needs of information disclosure and public participation through a case study. It is suggested that the government should keep up with the pace of the times and focus on expanding the way of information disclosure and actively dialogue with the public in order to meet the needs of the public for rights.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.6

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