论离婚协议中“财产赠与条款”能否撤销

发布时间：2018-02-22 07:11

本文关键词： 离婚协议财产赠与撤销　出处：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《中华人民共和国合同法》（以下简称《合同法》）第186条第1款规定：“赠与人在赠与财产的权利转移之前可以撤销赠与。”第2款规定：“具有救灾、扶贫等社会公益、道德义务性质的赠与合同或者经过公证的赠与合同，不适用前款规定。”该法律条文规定赠与合同若非经过公证、或者具有救灾、扶贫等社会公益、道德义务性质，赠与人在赠与财产的权利转移之前均可撤销。对于离婚协议中双方约定夫妻共同财产赠与子女的条款能否撤销的问题，立法及相关司法解释中并未作出明确规定。理论界和实务界对于“财产赠与条款”能否撤销也有两种争议较大的观点。审判实践中也未有统一的裁判意见。本文以案例为探讨模本，从对赠与可撤销及赠与不可撤销两种争议观点的比较分析的基础上，对案例引发的焦点问题进行研究探讨，以求有益于日后的审判实务中裁判标准的统一，并达到真正维护双方当事人的合法权益的目的。本文除引言外分为五个部分：第一部分介绍原告王小某诉被告王某赠与合同纠纷案例的概况并归纳案例的焦点。第二部分主要围绕争议焦点概括理论界和实务界中赠与可撤销及赠与不可撤销两种争议较大的观点及各自的理论依据。第三部分首先通过对赠与可撤销及赠与不可撤销两种争议观点的比较分析，指出两种观点各自存的在片面性。其次，笔者根据现有理论及实务现状进行分析，依据案例，从探析出发，，着力分析了赠与合同的性质、赠与合同成立要件、共有人对共有财产的共同处分及赠与撤销后的救济途径即离婚协议中设定违约责任等问题，得出笔者意见：男女双方在离婚协议中约定夫妻共同财产归未成年子女所有的“财产赠与条款”系双方对其共同财产作出共同赠与的意思表示，由于子女一方并未作出接受赠与的意思表示，赠与合同不成立，赠与人可撤销赠与的意思表示。并指出赠与可撤销的例外情况即：将夫妻共同财产归未成年子女所有的作为抚养费折抵的财产赠与，在赠与财产权利尚未转移前，单方不能任意撤销。第四部分理论联系实际，结合案情进行综合分析，对涉及本案处理有关法律问题的进一步研究，提出笔者建议将夫妻共同财产赠与子女的赠与约定在调解书中予以确认，以维护诚实信用及公平正义的原则，也避免了当事人的讼累，并对其实施的可能性、现实性、共同财产赠与约定的性质、审判事务中具体操作的方式等问题一一进行了初探。第五部分回归案例，概述了本案的处理方式。
[Abstract]:Article 186, paragraph 1, of the contract Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "contract Law") provides that "the donator may revoke the gift before the transfer of the right to grant property..." the second paragraph states: "there shall be a public good such as disaster relief, poverty alleviation, etc.," The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply to a donation contract of a moral obligation nature or a notarized gift contract. "the provisions of the law stipulate that if the donation contract is not notarized, or if it is not notarized, or if it is of a public good such as disaster relief or poverty alleviation, it shall be of a moral obligation," The donator may revoke the gift before the transfer of the right to grant the property. As for the question of whether the provisions of the divorce agreement between the two parties to the spouses' joint property can be revoked, There are two controversial views in theory and practice on whether the property grant clause can be revoked. There is also no unified judgment opinion in trial practice. A case study model, On the basis of the comparative analysis of the two controversial viewpoints on the revocation of gifts and irrevocable gifts, this paper makes a study on the focal issues caused by cases in order to benefit the unification of judgment standards in judicial practice in the future. And to truly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of both parties. This article is divided into five parts in addition to the introduction: the first part introduces the general situation of Wang Xiaomou plaintiff v. defendant Wang Mou gift contract dispute case and induces the focus of the case. The second part mainly generalizes the theoretical circle and practice around the dispute focus. In the third part, the author compares and analyzes the two controversial viewpoints on the revocability and irrevocability of the gift and the irrevocability of the gift in the world, and their respective theoretical basis. The third part makes a comparative analysis of the two controversial viewpoints, namely, the revocable gift and the irrevocable gift. The author points out that the two viewpoints exist in one-sidedness. Secondly, according to the existing theory and practice, the author analyzes the nature of the gift contract and the requirements for the establishment of the gift contract according to the case study. The joint disposition of the joint property of the joint owner and the relief channels after the revocation, that is, the establishment of the liability for breach of contract in the divorce agreement, etc., The author's opinion: in the divorce agreement, both men and women agreed that the "property grant clause" in which the couple's common property belongs to their minor children, is the meaning of the two parties to make a joint gift to their common property. As the child did not make the intention to accept the gift, the gift contract was not established. The meaning of the donation may be revoked by the donator. The exception to the revocable gift is that the gift of the property to which the joint property of the husband and wife belongs to the minor children as alimony shall be donated before the transfer of the right to grant the property, Unilateral parties cannot arbitrarily withdraw. 4th part of the theory combined with practice, combined with the case for a comprehensive analysis of the case involving the handling of related legal issues further research, The author suggests that the agreement on the gift of the couple's common property to their children be confirmed in the mediation statement, so as to maintain the principles of good faith and fairness and justice, and also avoid the litigants' tiredness, and the possibility and reality of its implementation. This paper probes into the nature of the agreement of the common property gift and the way of the concrete operation in the trial affairs, etc. The 5th part returns the case, and summarizes the handling method of the case.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.9;D923.6

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