外国民事保护令的承认与执行

发布时间：2018-03-25 16:19

本文选题：外国民事保护令　切入点：承认与执行　出处：《中国政法大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为保护受害者,尤其是家庭暴力的受害者,各国在国内法上普遍建立了民事保护令制度。当受害人(和/或加害人)出现跨境移动时,为使得这种保护延续到其他法域,有必要在全球更大范围内建立民事保护令承认与执行的专门制度,提高受害者的保护水平。本文第一部分对民事保护令制度作了全面而基础的介绍。从民事保护令制度的概念入手,分析其特点、性质和发展,对比其与保全措施等其他制度的区别,认为将其界定为一项独立的法律制度较为适宜。此外,从承认与执行角度出发,区分其与国际民事诉讼中临时措施和一般民商事判决的承认与执行,指出外国民事保护令承认与执行的特殊要件。本文第二部分探讨了民事保护令承认与执行的必要性和现状。首先从保护受害者“自由移动的权利”和“人身安全保护的优先性”的理论视角上探讨该制度的价值;其次,从海牙国际私法会议的国际视角和欧盟的区域视角分别探讨建立民事保护令承认与执行制度的必要性;最后简要介绍了目前各国或地区现存的立法实践。本文第三部分主要分析了外国民事保护令承认与执行的条件与模式。该部分首先以各国立法实践为基础,尤其是欧盟《民事保护措施相互承认条例》的内容,分别从管辖权、法律适用、不予承认与执行的情形等方面探讨了民事保护令承认与执行的条件。其次总结了民事保护令承认与执行的可能的模式,为各国和地区建立和进一步完善该制度提供参考。本文第四部分论述了我国承认与执行外国民事保护令的制度构建。该部分结合我国新近出台的《反家庭暴力法》,简要介绍了我国的人身安全保护令制度,分析《反家庭暴力法》和我国签订的双边司法互助条约等均未考虑到民事保护令的承认与执行问题,最后提出实现民事保护令相互承认与执行的可能路径。本文采用的主要研究方法主要如下:1.规范分析法。通过分析国内外现有法律规定,确定现有立法能否解决民事保护令的承认与执行问题,发现存在的立法缺陷或缺失,并在此基础上提出完善方法。2.比较研究法。通过比较不同法域的国家或地区间的立法和实践情况,得出各国在该领域的不同进程,提出未来的制度发展方向和解决途径。
[Abstract]:In order to protect victims, in particular victims of domestic violence, States have generally established civil protection order systems in their domestic law... in order to extend such protection to other jurisdictions when the victim (and / or the perpetrator) moves across borders, There is a need for a more global and specialized system for the recognition and enforcement of civil protection orders, The first part of this article makes a comprehensive and basic introduction to the civil protection order system. Starting with the concept of the civil protection order system, it analyzes its characteristics, nature and development. Comparing it with other systems such as measures of protection, it is considered that it is more appropriate to define it as an independent legal system. In addition, from the perspective of recognition and enforcement, Distinguishing it from the recognition and enforcement of interim measures in international civil proceedings and judgments in general civil and commercial matters, The second part of this paper discusses the necessity and present situation of the recognition and enforcement of civil protection orders. Firstly, it discusses the protection of victims'"right of free movement" and "personal security". The value of the system is discussed from the perspective of the priority of protection. Secondly, from the international perspective of the Hague Conference on Private International Law and the regional perspective of the European Union, the necessity of establishing a system of recognition and enforcement of civil protection orders is discussed respectively. Finally, it briefly introduces the existing legislative practices in various countries or regions. The third part of this paper mainly analyzes the conditions and modes of the recognition and enforcement of foreign civil protection orders. This part is based on the legislative practice of various countries. In particular, the contents of the EU Regulation on Mutual recognition of Civil Protection measures are applied separately from jurisdiction and law. This paper discusses the conditions of recognition and enforcement of civil protection orders from the aspects of non-recognition and enforcement. Secondly, it summarizes the possible modes of recognition and enforcement of civil protection orders. The fourth part of this paper discusses the construction of the system of recognizing and enforcing foreign civil protection orders in our country. This part combines with the new domestic violence Law of our country. Introducing briefly the system of personal security protection in our country, The analysis of the domestic violence Law and the bilateral mutual legal assistance treaties signed by China did not take into account the recognition and enforcement of civil protection orders. Finally, the possible ways to realize the mutual recognition and enforcement of civil protection orders are put forward. The main research methods adopted in this paper are as follows: 1. Normative analysis. Determining whether existing legislation can address the recognition and enforcement of civil protection orders, and finding legislative shortcomings or deficiencies, By comparing the legislation and practice of different countries or regions in different jurisdictions, the author points out the different processes of each country in this field, and puts forward the direction of system development in the future and the way to solve it.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9

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