中国生育权制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 03:37

本文选题：生育 + 生育权　；参考：《广西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人们法律意识的逐渐提高,人们对公民权利的保护的意识越来越强烈。生育权作为公民的一项基本权利理应受到法律的保护。然而,权利的行使并非不受任何的限制,为了减少甚至杜绝生育权的滥用,对生育权进行合理的规制十分必要。本文通过对生育权内涵的阐释,对有关学说和条文的探讨,在结合国外典型国家的有关经验的基础上,指出现今我国生育权制度的不足,并提出完善的建议。具体而言,这篇文章分为引言、第一部分至第五部分和结束语。引言部分对选题意义、研究现状、研究的重点和难点以及本文的主要论点进行了归纳。第一部分“生育权的基本理论问题”,从理论上梳理了生育权的性质、主体、内容以及生育权行使所应遵循的原则,在对各种学说和概念辨析的基础上,进一步明晰了生育权的内涵,为后续有关生育权制度的论述铺平道路。第二部分“中国生育权制度概述”,从马克思主义人口理论和权利和义务统一性原理剖析了构建我国生育权制度的理论基础,随后又分析了建构生育权制度所应遵循的基本原则,最后阐述构建我国生育权制度的必要性和紧迫性。第三部分“国外生育权制度的经验和启示”,分析了四个典型国家的生育权制度的经验和教训,为进一步完善我国的有关制度和规定提供了借鉴。第四部分“中国生育权制度的现状”,从宪法和法律法规两个层面,详细论述了我国目前的生育权制度的现状及问题,即现行宪法未明确规定生育权、计划生育制度、生育审批制度、社会抚养费问题、流动人口的生育权问题、计划生育管理及服务工作中的生育权保障和规制问题和生育权的救济问题。第五部分“完善中国生育权制度的建议”,结合有关国家的做法,针对第四部分的问题一一提出可行的、可操作的完善建议。结束语部分是对整篇论文的总结,希望通过各方的努力实现生育权从应然层面向实然层面的转换,最终实现国家的人口发展战略和公民的生育权的双赢。
[Abstract]:With the gradual improvement of people's legal consciousness, people's awareness of the protection of civil rights is becoming stronger and stronger.Reproductive right as a basic right of citizens should be protected by law.However, the exercise of rights is not without any restrictions, in order to reduce or even eliminate the abuse of reproductive rights, it is necessary to regulate reproductive rights reasonably.Based on the interpretation of the connotation of reproductive rights and the discussion of relevant theories and articles, this paper points out the deficiencies of the present reproductive rights system in China and puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the system on the basis of the experience of typical foreign countries.Specifically, this article is divided into the introduction, the first part to the fifth part and the conclusion.The introduction summarizes the significance of the topic, the status quo of the research, the focus and difficulties of the study and the main arguments of this paper.The first part, "the basic theoretical problems of reproductive rights", theoretically combs the nature, subject, content and principles of the exercise of reproductive rights, on the basis of discriminating various theories and concepts.It further clarifies the connotation of reproductive right and paves the way for subsequent discussion on reproductive right system.The second part, "Overview of China's reproductive right system", analyzes the theoretical basis of constructing China's reproductive right system from the Marxist population theory and the principle of unity of rights and obligations.Then it analyzes the basic principles that should be followed in constructing the system of reproductive rights, and finally expounds the necessity and urgency of constructing the system of reproductive rights in China.In the third part, "experience and enlightenment of foreign reproductive right system", the author analyzes the experiences and lessons of four typical countries' reproductive right system, which provides a reference for further perfecting the relevant system and regulations of our country.The fourth part, "the present situation of China's reproductive right system", discusses in detail the present situation and problems of China's present reproductive right system from the two aspects of constitution and laws and regulations, that is, the current constitution does not explicitly stipulate the reproductive right and family planning system.The system of birth approval, social maintenance, the reproductive rights of floating population, the protection and regulation of reproductive rights in the management and service of family planning, and the relief of reproductive rights.The fifth part, "suggestions to perfect China's reproductive right system", combined with the practice of relevant countries, puts forward feasible and operable suggestions for the problems of the fourth part.The conclusion part is a summary of the whole paper, hoping to realize the transformation of reproductive rights from the proper level to the real level through the efforts of all parties, and finally to realize the win-win situation of national population development strategy and citizens' reproductive rights.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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