破坏军婚罪客体保护存在的问题及立法完善

发布时间：2018-04-16 11:39

本文选题：破坏军婚罪 + 军婚　；参考：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：军婚保护法律制度是我国特有的法律制度,从抗战时期衍生并逐渐形成了一种法律文化传统,在特定的历史时期发挥了相应作用,形成了具有中国特色的军婚制度,在相当长的一段时期中体现了其存在价值。而随着社会经济的不断发展,法律体系的不断完善,人们的思想观念、婚姻观念也在不断地发生变化,军婚作为一种在社会中大量存在却又从某种层面呈现特殊状态的一种婚姻关系,近年来也在随着社会道德理念的不断变化而变化,并在变化中逐渐暴露出和民法原则的冲突和与时代的脱节,我们应当充分认清破坏军婚罪这一针对军人的保护条款,已不能适应社会的需要,更不能从根本保护军人婚姻,由于军婚中的不确定因素愈发增多,构成破坏军婚罪的客体愈发多样复杂,由此引发的矛盾纠纷以及法律问题也逐渐增多。关于军婚特殊保护制度学界一直有不同的声音,笔者希望通过对当前部队中军婚存在的亟待解决的问题进行逐一分析,结合2013年12月至2014年2月期间在一些部队进行的实际调研和抽样调查以及军事法院近年破坏军婚罪的案例进行统一梳理汇总,结合基层部队和机关单位军婚的现状,查找突出矛盾,提出建议解决方法。除引言和结论,本文共分四部分内容：第一部分通过对我国军婚保护和破坏军婚罪的渊源及历史沿革进行梳理,阐述其形成的原因,找出在社会演变发展过程中由于现行军婚特殊保护的滞后性在军队的司法实践中形成的弊端和矛盾,结合刑法规定和我军内部条例,明确含义及其现实意义。第二部分通过明确破坏军婚罪的客体构成,结合部队实践,列举部队中破坏军婚存在的各种突出矛盾,通过近年来部队在司法实践中的具体处置结果,对破坏军婚罪的客体存在的复杂性、多样性和产生的原因进行分析。以及这些矛盾和现行军婚特殊保护法律出现漏洞和碰撞时军队采取的措施和存在的弊端。第三部分针对破坏军婚罪的客体构成复杂多样性,看待当前社会关于军婚特殊保护条款的存废合理性争议,包括立法层面的公平原则,司法实践中的阻碍局限,“但书”条款对夫妻双方维权的不足,军婚特殊保护条款不能根本解决军人幸福,军人的离婚否决权、军人配偶的离婚诉讼权、《婚姻法》“离婚自由”三者之间的冲突问题。第四部分从破坏军婚罪的客体构成存在的问题,提出重建我国关于《刑法》第259条的修改建议,从公正平衡论点出发,结合社会进步实际,对构建新条款的可行性和合理性进行分析研究,对构建和谐军婚和提供有效军婚保护进行论证。
[Abstract]:The legal system of military marriage protection is a unique legal system in China. It derived from the Anti-Japanese War and gradually formed a legal cultural tradition, which played a corresponding role in a specific historical period and formed a military marriage system with Chinese characteristics.Its existence value has been embodied in a long period of time.With the continuous development of social economy, the continuous improvement of the legal system, people's ideas and concepts of marriage are constantly changing.Military marriage, as a kind of marriage relationship which exists a lot in the society but presents a special state from a certain level, has also changed with the change of the social moral concept in recent years.And gradually exposed the conflict with the principles of civil law and out of touch with the times, we should fully understand that the crime of destroying military marriage, a protection clause for military personnel, can no longer meet the needs of the society, let alone protect the marriage of servicemen fundamentally.Because of the increasing of the uncertain factors in the military marriage, the object of the crime of destroying the military marriage is becoming more and more diverse and complex, and the contradictions and disputes and legal problems caused by it are also gradually increasing.There have always been different voices in the field of special protection of military marriage. The author hopes to analyze the problems existing in military marriage in the army one by one.Combined with the actual investigation and sample investigation conducted in some troops between December 2013 and February 2014, and the cases of military courts destroying the military marriage in recent years, and combined with the current situation of military marriage in grass-roots troops and units,Find out the contradiction and propose solutions.In addition to the introduction and conclusions, this paper is divided into four parts:The first part, through combing the origin and historical evolution of the crime of protecting and destroying the military marriage in our country, expounds the reasons for its formation.This paper finds out the drawbacks and contradictions formed in the military judicial practice due to the lagging nature of the current military marriage special protection in the course of the social evolution and development, and makes clear the meaning and practical significance in combination with the provisions of the criminal law and the internal regulations of our army.The second part enumerates all kinds of outstanding contradictions in the army by making clear the object constitution of the crime of destroying the military marriage and combining with the practice of the army, and through the concrete disposal result of the troops in the judicial practice in recent years.This paper analyzes the complexity, diversity and causes of the object of the crime of destroying military marriage.These contradictions and the loopholes in the current special protection law of military marriage and the measures taken by the army when it collided.The third part aims at the complex diversity of the object structure of the crime of destroying the military marriage, and views the dispute about the existence or abolition of the special protection clauses of military marriage in the current society, including the principle of fairness in the legislative level and the limitation of the obstruction in the judicial practice.The provisions of "proviso" do not protect the rights of husband and wife, and the special protection clauses of military marriage can not solve the conflict between military happiness, military divorce veto power, military spouse's divorce litigation right and "divorce freedom" in Marriage Law.In the fourth part, from the existing problems of the object constitution of the crime of destroying the military marriage, the author puts forward the suggestion of reconstructing the 259 article of the Criminal Law of our country, starting from the point of view of fair balance, combining with the social progress reality,This paper analyzes the feasibility and rationality of constructing the new clause, and demonstrates the construction of harmonious military marriage and the protection of effective military marriage.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

【参考文献】